A Molecular Phylogeny of the Moss Genus <I>Taxithelium</I> (Pylaisiadelphaceae) Based on Plastid, Mitochondrial and Nuclear Markers

Abstract

To test infrageneric classification and species delimitation within the pantropical moss genus Taxithelium (Pylaisiadelphaceae), we constructed a molecular phylogeny using three chloroplast loci (fnîL, psfcT and rpsi), three mitochondrial loci (rps3, yxadS and nadi-5) and the nuclear marker hoi. Analyses of each locus separately and in various combinations, all support the monophyly of Taxithetium. Two major clades corresponding to taxonomically recognized subgenera were resolved within the genus. The first clade is composed of at least five smaller groups, four of which only include Southeast Asian plants and one is from the Americas and Africa; the latter is nested within the Southeast Asian groups. The second group appears to have a Southeast Asian origin with two dispersal events into America. Taxithelium is highly variable morphologically and includes plants with pluripapillose leaf cells as well as plants that lack papillae. Our data show that species T. nepalettse, T. leptosigmatum, T. conccivum, T. instrnhini, T. lindbergii and T. isocladum are each demonstrably monophyletic. On the other hand, T. plamim and T. kerianum as circumscribed today are polyphyletic. The hol nuclear locus is used for the first time, with promising results for moss phylogenetic investigation.

Phylogeny and classification of the Sematophyllaceae s.l. (Hypnales, Bryophyta)

“…Taxithelium was transferred from the Sematophyllaceae to the Pylaisiadelphaceae by Goffinet & Buck (2004) and Goffinet et al (2009). The genus consists of 110 species and has been studied intensively in recent years (Câmara, 2008, 2011a, 2011b; Câmara & Shaw, 2013). Our analyses corroborate the findings of Câmara & Shaw (2013), which strongly support the monophyly of the Taxithelium clade as well as that of two subgenera (Fig.…”

“…The genus consists of 110 species and has been studied intensively in recent years (Câmara, 2008, 2011a, 2011b; Câmara & Shaw, 2013). Our analyses corroborate the findings of Câmara & Shaw (2013), which strongly support the monophyly of the Taxithelium clade as well as that of two subgenera (Fig. 1, PP = 1.00, BS ML = 97, BS PAUP = 92), Taxithelium and Vernieri , as described in Câmara (2011a, 2011b).…”

“…Although the monophyly criterion is satisfied based on single‐gene phylogenies with limited taxon sampling, and morphological synapomorphy is also not observed, the Pylaisiadelphaceae have been widely accepted (e.g., Ramsay, 2012; Câmara & Shaw, 2013; Akiyama et al, 2015). Though the using of three genes ( rps4 , trnL , and nad5 ) for the Shimodaira–Hasegawa (SH) test could not reject the monophyly of the Pylaisiadelphaceae (Carvalho‐Silva et al, 2017), the family was resolved as paraphyletic in recent phylogenetic analyses (Cox et al, 2010; Akiyama et al, 2011; Carvalho‐Silva et al, 2014, 2017).…”

“…Nevertheless, over the last 15 years, bryologists have produced a considerable amount of taxonomic and molecular phylogenetic data on the Sematophyllaceae s.l. under the current familial concept (e.g., Câmara, 2008, 2011a, 2011b; Akiyama, 2010, 2017; Akiyama et al, 2011, 2015; Câmara & Tan, 2011; Câmara & Carvalho‐Silva, 2012; Câmara & Shaw, 2013; Suzuki et al, 2013, 2014; Carvalho‐Silva et al, 2014, 2017; Jia & Tan, 2015; Tan et al, 2017). However, most of these studies on the Sematophyllaceae s.l.…”

A Família Thuidiaceae Schimp. no Brasil, um estudo taxonômico, filogenético e morfológico

“…A ordem Hypnales é a maior e mais importante, sendo constituída por 42 famílias, 408 gêneros e 4.400 espécies , o que compreende aproximadamente 80% das espécies de musgos pleurocárpicos (Câmara & Shaw 2013). Possui seu centro de diversidade em áreas tropicais , com seus representantes ocorrendo principalmente em áreas florestais.…”