Studies on mass transfer coupled with chemical reaction were conducted in a gas-liquid-solid foam bed contactor under a variety of operating conditions in order to establish the controlling parameters for such a contacting system. Analytical equations were derived in order to predict the influence of solids dissolution on the specific rate of absorption in the stable foam stage of a three-phase foam-slurry reactor. Experimental investigations on the absorption of carbon dioxide in the presence of an aqueous foam-slurry containing calcium hydroxide particles were carried out in order to verify the theoretical model. Results indicate that the gas-liquid interfacial area and gas flow rate strongly affected the rate of mass transfer, while solids holdup affected mass transfer rates only moderately over the range of solids holdup studied. A comparison with conventional chemical reactor configurations (e.g., bubble column, CSTR) was made to demonstrate the gas-liquid-solid system, for which this novel reactor might be employed. Foam stability enhancement, due to the presence of solid particles, was not observed.
Gregory C. Stangle R. MahalingamDepartment of Chemical Engineering Washington State University Pullman, WA 99164
IntroductionConventional gas-liquid and gas-liquid-solid reactors and contactors have been studied extensively (Shah, 1978;Froment and Bischoff, 1979;and Ramachandran and Chaudhari, 1983) and well characterized. It would seem that nearly optimal performance of present-day two-and three-phase reactors has been achievcd in many cases. It also would seem that significant improvements will not be realized through improvements on the design of existing reactor types, but rather through the development of novel reactor configurations, for example, in bioprocessing. This is especially true in recent years, as energy costs and pollution control have become the focus of much attention in the field of reactor engineering.The present novel chemical reactor configuration offers a promising alternative to gas-liquid-solid reactor design. Previous work in this laboratory (Shah and Mahalingam, 1984) fer with chemical reaction in gas-liquid foam. Each investigation has shown that a foam bed contactor provides a relatively large gas-liquid interfacial area and long contact times: both are advantageous in obtaining mass transfer enhancement. On the other hand, each investigation has demonstrated experimentally that foam stability limits gas flow rates through a foam bed reactor (Mahalingam et al., 1975;Mahalingam and Brink, 1978;Surati, 1975;Limaye, 1976), thereby restricting the range of operating conditions. Ralston (19831, however, has described the fact that the presence of small solid particles in foam can lead to foam stability enhancement. If the small solid particles also dissolve into the liquid phase, a chemical reactant can be provided to the liquid phase. The presence of soluble small solid particles in a foam bed reactor should then lead to two significant improvements over two-phase, gas-liquid foam rea...