“…From the aspect of external network integration, a manufacturer needs to coordinate and manage the knowledge of other manufacturers of the same multinational manufacturers as well as acquire, share, and consolidate strategic knowledge and information with external partners (i.e. supply chain partners, mainly suppliers and customers) (Cheng et al, 2016;Lim, Moon, Kim, & Lee, 2017;Swink, Narasimhan, & Wang, 2007).…”