“…However, teaching challenging mathematics to school students gets impeded by mathematics anxiety. The detrimental effects of mathematics anxiety on learning and understanding of mathematics has been well documented (Liebert & Morris, 1967;Richardson & Suinn, 1972;Morris, Davis, & Hutchings, 1981;Sarason, 1986;Eccles & Jacobs, 1986;Wigfield & Meece, 1988;Cooper & Robinson, 1989;Hembree, 1990;Engelhard, 1990;Green, 1990;Tocci & Engelhard, 1991;Ma, 1999;Sherman & Wither, 2003;Ashcraft, Krause, & Hopko, 2007;Krinzinger, Kaufmann, & Willmes, 2009;Rubinsten & Tannock, 2010;Núñez-Peñaa, Suárez-Pellicionia, Bono, 2013;Kiray, Gok & Bozkir, 2015). The higher one's level of mathematics anxiety, the lower one's score is on mathematics achievement tests, the fewer mathematics courses one takes, and the lower one's grades are in the mathematics courses that are taken (Ashcraft and Moore, 2009).…”