A mechanism by which the osmotic laxative magnesium sulphate increases the intestinal aquaporin 3 expression in HT-29 cells

Ikarashi, Nobutomo; Mochiduki, Toshihide; Takasaki, Ayaka; Ushiki, Takashi; Baba, Kohta; Ishii, Makoto; Kudo, Toshiyuki; K, Ito; Toda, Takahiro; Ochiai, Wataru; Sugiyama, Kiyoshi

doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2010.11.013

Cited by 40 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…12,42) The determination of the PKC activity in keratinocytes 1 h after the addition of Gypsum fibrosum revealed an approximately 3-fold significant increase in the activity of PKC compared with that observed in control cells (Fig. 3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Elucidating the Mechanism by Which <i>Gypsum fibrosum</i>, a Traditional Chinese Medicine, Maintains Cutaneous Water Content

Ikarashi

Ogiue

Toyoda

et al. 2013

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Aquaporin-3 (AQP3) plays an important role in maintaining the normal water content of the skin. Previously, we revealed that the expression of cutaneous AQP3 increased following oral administration of Gypsum fibrosum (main component: CaSO 4 ) to mice. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the mechanism by which Gypsum fibrosum increases the expression of cutaneous AQP3 in a keratinocyte cell line. Gypsum fibrosum or CaSO 4 was added to keratinocytes, and the expression level of AQP3, the Ca concentration, the activity of protein kinase C (PKC), and the degrees of phosphorylation of both extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) were measured. The mRNA and protein expression levels of AQP3 increased significantly 6 h-post addition of Gypsum fibrosum. In keratinocytes treated with Gypsum fibrosum, increases in the concentration of intracellular Ca, PKC activity, and the phosphorylation of ERK and CREB were observed. Pre-treatment with GF109203X, a PKC inhibitor, suppressed the mRNA expression levels of AQP3. Similarly to treatment with Gypsum fibrosum, the addition of CaSO 4 led to the same observations in keratinocytes. It is hypothesized that Gypsum fibrosum causes an increase in the intracellular Ca concentration, PKC activity, and the phosphorylation levels of ERK and CREB, resulting in increased AQP3 expression in keratinocytes. In addition, it is possible that the effect of Gypsum fibrosum is attributable to CaSO 4 , based on the results demonstrating that the mechanisms of action of Gypsum fibrosum and CaSO 4 were nearly identical.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Elucidating the Mechanism by Which <i>Gypsum fibrosum</i>, a Traditional Chinese Medicine, Maintains Cutaneous Water Content

Ikarashi

Ogiue

Toyoda

et al. 2013

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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“…Magnesium sulphate mineral waters improves bowel function, in terms of reduction of constipation, improvement in the constipation symptoms and overall bowel movements (32). In vitro studies demonstrated that magnesium sulphate may act as a cathartic by increasing the aquaporin 3 (AQP3) expression level and by changing osmotic pressure in the colon (47). Sulphate-bicarbonate-calcium-magnesiac mineral waters proved to have therapeutic activity in the functional disorders of the biliary tract.…”

Section: "Magnesiac Mineral Waters"mentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural mineral waters: chemical characteristics and health effects

Quattrini

Pampaloni

Brandi

2016

ccmbm

104

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SummaryWater contributes significantly to health and a daily intake of 1.5 to 2 liters of water should be guaranteed, because a good hydration is essential to maintain the body water equilibrium, although needs may vary among people. However, worldwide population is far from the Recommended Allowance for water intake. Among the waters for human uses, there are 'waters (treated or not), intended for drinking, used for the food and beverages preparation or for other domestic purposes' and natural mineral waters, that are 'originated from an aquifer or underground reservoir, spring from one or more natural or bore sources and have specific hygienic features and, eventually, healthy properties'. According to the European Legislation (2009/54/EC Directive), physical and chemical characterization is used to make a classification of the different mineral waters, basing on the analysis of main parameters. Mineral composition enables to classify natural mineral waters as bicarbonate mineral waters, sulphate mineral waters, chloride mineral waters, calcic mineral waters, magnesiac mineral waters, fluorurate mineral waters, ferrous mineral waters and sodium-rich mineral waters. Although the concerns about bottled mineral waters (due to plasticizers and endocrine disruptors), many are the health effects of natural mineral waters and several studies explored their properties and their role in different physiological and pathological conditions.

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“…Of these, extensive research has been conducted on AQP3, which is considered to play an important role in the colon, especially regarding water transfer (13, 34). We have found that the administration of the osmotic laxative magnesium sulfate (MgSO 4 ) to rats increases the expression of AQP3 in the colon, and an increase in the expression of AQP3 plays an essential role in the laxative effect of MgSO 4 (11,12).Bisacodyl is classified as a stimulant laxative and is widely used to treat constipation. Bisacodyl increases the production of prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) in intestinal epithelial cells and inhibits the activity of Na ϩ -K ϩ -ATPase, and, as a result, the osmotic pressure in the intestinal tract increases.…”

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confidence: 99%

The laxative effect of bisacodyl is attributable to decreased aquaporin-3 expression in the colon induced by increased PGE₂secretion from macrophages

Ikarashi

Baba

Ushiki

et al. 2011

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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Ikarashi N, Baba K, Ushiki T, Kon R, Mimura A, Toda T, Ishii M, Ochiai W, Sugiyama K. The laxative effect of bisacodyl is attributable to decreased aquaporin-3 expression in the colon induced by increased PGE 2 secretion from macrophages. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 301: G887-G895, 2011. First published August 25, 2011; doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00286.2011.-The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of aquaporin3 (AQP3) in the colon in the laxative effect of bisacodyl. After oral administration of bisacodyl to rats, AQP3, macrophages, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), and prostaglandin E 2 (PGE2) were examined in the colon. The mechanism by which bisacodyl decreases the expression of AQP3 was examined using HT-29 and Raw264.7 cells. When diarrhea occurred, a significant increase in the expression of PGE 2 and a decrease in AQP3 expression were observed. Immunostaining showed COX2 expression only in macrophages. The PGE 2 concentration increased significantly 30 min after the addition of bisacodyl to Raw264.7 cells. Thirty minutes after PGE 2 addition to HT-29 cells, the AQP3 expression level decreased to 40% of the control. When pretreated with indomethacin, bisacodyl did not induce an increase in the colon PGE 2 level, a decrease in the AQP3 expression level, or diarrhea. The results suggest that bisacodyl may decrease the expression of AQP3 in the colon, which inhibits water transfer from the luminal to the vascular side and leads to a laxative effect. This study also showed that direct activation of colon macrophages by bisacodyl increases the secretion of PGE 2, which acts as a paracrine factor and decreases AQP3 expression in colon mucosal epithelial cells. aquaporin-3; prostaglandin E 2; bisacodyl; cyclooxygenase IN RECENT YEARS, IT HAS BECOME increasingly clear that aquaporins (AQPs), water channels, are involved in water transport in the intestinal tract (20). There are currently 13 known types of AQPs in humans, AQP0 through AQP12, which are expressed in a variety of tissues (15). Several AQPs are expressed in the intestinal tract, and at least the following eight types are known to exist there: AQP1, AQP2, AQP3, AQP4, AQP7, AQP8, AQP9, and AQP10 (5, 7, 17, 23). The main AQPs expressed in the colon are AQP1, AQP2, AQP3, AQP4, and AQP8 (5,16,23). Of these, extensive research has been conducted on AQP3, which is considered to play an important role in the colon, especially regarding water transfer (13, 34). We have found that the administration of the osmotic laxative magnesium sulfate (MgSO 4 ) to rats increases the expression of AQP3 in the colon, and an increase in the expression of AQP3 plays an essential role in the laxative effect of MgSO 4 (11,12).Bisacodyl is classified as a stimulant laxative and is widely used to treat constipation. Bisacodyl increases the production of prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) in intestinal epithelial cells and inhibits the activity of Na ϩ -K ϩ -ATPase, and, as a result, the osmotic pressure in the intestinal tract increases. It is believed that this increase in osmoti...

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A mechanism by which the osmotic laxative magnesium sulphate increases the intestinal aquaporin 3 expression in HT-29 cells

Cited by 40 publications

References 38 publications

Elucidating the Mechanism by Which <i>Gypsum fibrosum</i>, a Traditional Chinese Medicine, Maintains Cutaneous Water Content

Elucidating the Mechanism by Which <i>Gypsum fibrosum</i>, a Traditional Chinese Medicine, Maintains Cutaneous Water Content

Natural mineral waters: chemical characteristics and health effects

The laxative effect of bisacodyl is attributable to decreased aquaporin-3 expression in the colon induced by increased PGE₂secretion from macrophages

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A mechanism by which the osmotic laxative magnesium sulphate increases the intestinal aquaporin 3 expression in HT-29 cells

Cited by 40 publications

References 38 publications

Elucidating the Mechanism by Which <i>Gypsum fibrosum</i>, a Traditional Chinese Medicine, Maintains Cutaneous Water Content

Elucidating the Mechanism by Which <i>Gypsum fibrosum</i>, a Traditional Chinese Medicine, Maintains Cutaneous Water Content

Natural mineral waters: chemical characteristics and health effects

The laxative effect of bisacodyl is attributable to decreased aquaporin-3 expression in the colon induced by increased PGE2secretion from macrophages

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The laxative effect of bisacodyl is attributable to decreased aquaporin-3 expression in the colon induced by increased PGE₂secretion from macrophages