A lysosome-targeted and ratiometric fluorescent probe for imaging exogenous and endogenous hypochlorous acid in living cells

Abstract

Hypochorous acid plays important roles in many physiological and pathological processes. At the cell organelles level, the abnormal concentration of hypochorous acid in the lysosomes causes redox imbalance and the loss of function of the lysosomes. Herein, the first small molecule based, lysosomal-targeted ratiometric fluorescent HOCl probe (Lyso-HA) was synthesized through reasonable design. The new probe was highly selective toward HOCl over other reactive oxygen species and exhibits a large variation (up to 97-fold) in its fluorescence ratio (I585/I450) with good signal resolution. The probe Lyso-HA was membrane-permeable and suitable for ratiometric visualization of exogenous and endogenous HOCl at lysosomes in living cells.

Ratiometric fluorescent probes for capturing endogenous hypochlorous acid in the lungs of mice

“… 5 , 6 , 15 – 34 Many of these probes exhibited favorable features such as two-photon excitability or organelle targetability. 6 , 15 , 16 , 18 , 21 , 22 , 25 , 27 , 29 – 31 , 35 Among these previously reported HClO probes, a number of them were fabricated with cyanine dyes due to their high reactivity towards HClO. 17 , 23 , 36 – 38 A mechanism of reaction was previously proposed as shown in Scheme 1A .…”

Recent Progress on Lysosome-Targetable Fluorescent Probes

“…近来, 也 有一些研究 [70] 报道了基于纳米粒子的比率型探针, 但 是这类探针只能检测内源性和外源性的 HOCl, 无法检 测细胞器内 HOCl 的分布情况. 林伟英等 [71] [6,72] .…”

Ratiometric Fluorescent Detection of ClO− Based on Dual‐Emission F1‐Rubpy@Nanoscale Metal‐Organic Frameworks

“…Compared with electrochemistry and mass spectroscopy method, the fluorescence analysis is easier to operate with low cost, high sensitivity and low detection limit. Most fluorescence methods for detecting ClO − by using fluorescent dye molecule have been developed, such as fluorescein derivatives,, graphene quantum dots and carbon dots . However, organic solvents are usually needed due to fluorescent molecules’ inferior water‐solubility.…”