A low-voltage current-mode instrumentation amplifier designed in a 0.18-micron CMOS technology

Douglas, E.L.; Lovely, D. F.; Lüke, Dennis

doi:10.1109/ccece.2004.1349760

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The series association of the current mirror with a common source output stage causes a reduction in the voltage swing in the current mirror, thus limiting the IA CMIR. The implementation described in [7] uses the low voltage current mirror shown in Fig. 1(e) in series with the output stage, a source follower implemented with ''native''or ''natural FET's''.…”

Section: Current Mirrors Topologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Current mode instrumentation amplifier with rail-to-rail input and output

Vieira

Prior

Rodrigues

et al. 2008

Analog Integr Circ Sig Process

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This paper presents the results from an investigation on the implementation of Current Mode Instrumentation Amplifiers (CMIAs) with rail-to-rail operational amplifiers (op amp) with a gm control circuit. The objective of employing rail-to-rail op amps in the implementation of a CMIA is the improvement of the common-mode operation range. The enhancement of the input common mode range (ICMR) is obtained using op amps with a rail-to-rail input stage followed by a cascode-based output stage. A prototype of the CMIA was implemented in standard 0.6 lm XFAB CMOS technology. Test results showed that the CMIA common mode range was extended but with moderated CMRR. To minimize this issue the amplifier was re-designed and sent to fabrication. Simulations with the components variations included were performed and showed the enhancement of the CMRR can be expected.

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Section: Current Mirrors Topologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of current mode instrumentation amplifiers (CMIA) implementations stacks current mirrors in series with op amps, degrading the V i,cm [4][5][6][7][8][9]. A solution to improve V i,cm is proposed in [10], but the output swing is affected by the current mirror limited swing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current mode instrumentation amplifier with rail-to-rail input and output

Vieira

Prior

Rodrigues

et al. 2008

Analog Integr Circ Sig Process

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“…Specifically, pharmaceuticals maybe degraded through direct photodegradation or through sensitized photoprocesses induced by transient excited species such as singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ), hydroxyl radical (OH), and other reactive species formed in sunlit natural waters (Stan et al 1998;Douglas et al 2004;Kalkhoff et al 1998). In order to explore photochemical degradation mechanisms of pharmaceuticals, the laser flash photolysis of L-a-PG-H in aqueous solution has been performed by use of a YAG laser.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photolytical property of L(+)-α-phenylglycine in aqueous solution

Shi

Zhang

et al. 2008

Environ Chem Lett

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A wide range of pharmaceutical compounds have been identified in the environment, and their existence is a topic of growing concern, both for human and ecological health. The work described here has investigated the photolytic properties of L(?)-a-phenylglycine (L-a-PG-H) in aqueous solution as it can be degraded by photo-catalysis. In 266 nm laser flash photolysis of aqueous solution of L-a-PG-H saturated with nitrogen, two transient absorption bands are observed at 280-330 nm and 450-800 nm, respectively, due to L-a-PG-H radical cation and hydrated electrons (e aq -). Then e aq -reacts with L-a-PG-H to form the L-a-PG-H radical anion. Decaying rate constants of e aq -observed at 720 nm is to be 8.9 9 10 8 dm 3 mol -1 s -1 . The rate constant for oxidation of L-a-PG-H by SO 4 -is calculated as 4.5 9 10 8 and 4.3 9 10 8 s -1 mol -1 dm 3 , respectively. The dissociation constants (pKa) of L-a-PG-H is 3. Excited triplet of L-a-PG-H in solution is formed by laser flash photolysis. The quench rate constant of L-a-PG-H excited triplet (k s ) is determined to be 1.3 9 10 7 dm 3 mol -1 s -1 and k 0 is equal to 1.7 9 10 5 s -1 .

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“…Current mode (CM) signal processing/design as a promising solution to these challenges has thus gained more popularity [1][2][3][4][5]. As the main reason of the superiority of CM processors over the Voltage Mode (VM) ones can name: the wider dynamic range, simpler circuitry, wider BW, higher speed/frequency, lower supply voltage and consumed power [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Besides, while the Voltage Mode Instrumentation Amplifiers (VMIA) seriously suffer from problems of dependency of BW on gain and CMRR value, and need tightly matched resistor (to improve the CMRR), most favorably, the Current Mode Instrumentation Amplifiers (CMIA) are free from such requirements [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

Section: -Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various structures of CMIA have yet been reported, among which CMIAs based on FDCCIIs take the lead; because these structures are free from well-matched active blocks, as well as matched resistors to gain a high CMRR. The second generation current conveyors (CCIIs) are active blocks that have been used in many analog circuits such as oscillators [19][20][21][22][23], active filters [24][25][26] and amplifiers [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] to grant current mode benefits. The fully differential type of CCIIs [19][20][21][22] benefits from differential input and output terminals that are strongly acknowledged today.…”

Section: -Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Fully Differential Second Generation Current Conveyor and Its Application as a Very High CMRR Instrumentation Amplifier

Ahmadi

Azhari

2018

ESJ

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This paper aims to introduce a novel Fully Differential second generation Current Conveyor (FDCCII) and its application to design a novel Low Power (LP), very high CMRR, and wide bandwidth (BW) Current Mode Instrumentation Amplifier (CMIA). In the proposed application, CMRR, as the most important feature, has been greatly improved by using both common mode feed forward (CMFF) and common mode feedback (CMFB) techniques, which are verified by a perfect circuit analysis. As another unique quality, it neither needs well-matched active blocks nor matched resistors but inherently improves CMRR, BW, and power consumption hence gains an excellent matchless choice for integration. The FDCCII has been designed using 0. 1-IntroductionIn the last decades, researchers and designers of analog processors have been faced with serious challenges in the design of low-voltage (LV), low-power (LP) circuits and systems. That is due the increasing demand for mobile and battery powered equipment and also technology down scaling trend [1]. Current mode (CM) signal processing/design as a promising solution to these challenges has thus gained more popularity [1][2][3][4][5]. As the main reason of the superiority of CM processors over the Voltage Mode (VM) ones can name: the wider dynamic range, simpler circuitry, wider BW, higher speed/frequency, lower supply voltage and consumed power [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Besides, while the Voltage Mode Instrumentation Amplifiers (VMIA) seriously suffer from problems of dependency of BW on gain and CMRR value, and need tightly matched resistor (to improve the CMRR), most favorably, the Current Mode Instrumentation Amplifiers (CMIA) are free from such requirements [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Various structures of CMIA have yet been reported, among which CMIAs based on FDCCIIs take the lead; because these structures are free from well-matched active blocks, as well as matched resistors to gain a high CMRR. The second generation current conveyors (CCIIs) are active blocks that have been used in many analog circuits such as oscillators [19][20][21][22][23], active filters [24][25][26] and amplifiers [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] to grant current mode benefits. The fully differential type of CCIIs [19][20][21][22] benefits from differential input and output terminals that are strongly acknowledged today. In this paper we seek to design a novel FDCCII structure to realize a high CMRR IA. 2-Proposed FDCCIIFunctional block diagram and operational matrix of an ideal FDCCII are shown in Figure 1 and Equation 1, respectively.

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A low-voltage current-mode instrumentation amplifier designed in a 0.18-micron CMOS technology

Cited by 21 publications

References 4 publications

Current mode instrumentation amplifier with rail-to-rail input and output

Current mode instrumentation amplifier with rail-to-rail input and output

Photolytical property of L(+)-α-phenylglycine in aqueous solution

A Novel Fully Differential Second Generation Current Conveyor and Its Application as a Very High CMRR Instrumentation Amplifier

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