A Longitudinal, Behavioral Study of Senile Dementia of the Alzheimer Type

Applicability of the CERAD neuropsychological battery to Brazilian elderly

“…The lowest specificity was for the constructional praxis test, which also had a low sensitivity. Our data are in accordance with those of a study including people with less than 12 years of education 17 , except for a higher score in verbal fluency (14.4) and a lower score (8.8) in praxis. Table 3 shows that there was a wide range variation for all tests.…”

Applicability of the CERAD neuropsychological battery to Brazilian elderly

“…The lowest specificity was for the constructional praxis test, which also had a low sensitivity. Our data are in accordance with those of a study including people with less than 12 years of education 17 , except for a higher score in verbal fluency (14.4) and a lower score (8.8) in praxis. Table 3 shows that there was a wide range variation for all tests.…”

Clinical Deterioration in Probable Alzheimer's Disease Correlates with Progressive Metabolic Impairment of Association Areas

“…The annual change of the MMSE score covered a broad range without any signifi cant difference between presenile and senile AD (table 1). The existence of patients with fast cognitive decline and others whose decline is small or negligible is in agreement with results of other authors [22][23][24][25]. The rate of cognitive decline did not depend on age at onset which is also in accordance with other studies [20,26], Thus, the present data suggest that other factors reflecting the heterogeneity in AD may influence the rate of annual cognitive decline in AD.…”

Progression of Cognitive Impairment in Alzheimer's Disease

“…At the extremes of this distribution were subjects whose decline was very rapid and others where the decline was negligible. This is in agreement with other studies 27,28 . Botwinick et al 28 described a subgroup of five out of 18 patients with mild AD who progressed very little over a four‐year period.…”

“…This is in agreement with other studies 27,28 . Botwinick et al 28 described a subgroup of five out of 18 patients with mild AD who progressed very little over a four‐year period. Four possible explanations for this lack of progression were given: (1) that these patients were at one end of a normal spectrum; (2) that they were less severely demented to start with; (3) the duration of disease was less in this group; and (4) that they represented an identifiable subgroup of AD, ie “slow or non‐progressive.” In invoking the same explanations for non‐progression in our group, it can be seen that the second and third explanations are not supported but both the first and last explanations remain possibilities.…”

Applicability of the CERAD neuropsychological battery to Brazilian elderly

“…The lowest specificity was for the constructional praxis test, which also had a low sensitivity. Our data are in accordance with those of a study including people with less than 12 years of education 17 , except for a higher score in verbal fluency (14.4) and a lower score (8.8) in praxis. Table 3 shows that there was a wide range variation for all tests.…”

Clinical Deterioration in Probable Alzheimer's Disease Correlates with Progressive Metabolic Impairment of Association Areas

“…The annual change of the MMSE score covered a broad range without any signifi cant difference between presenile and senile AD (table 1). The existence of patients with fast cognitive decline and others whose decline is small or negligible is in agreement with results of other authors [22][23][24][25]. The rate of cognitive decline did not depend on age at onset which is also in accordance with other studies [20,26], Thus, the present data suggest that other factors reflecting the heterogeneity in AD may influence the rate of annual cognitive decline in AD.…”

Progression of Cognitive Impairment in Alzheimer's Disease

“…At the extremes of this distribution were subjects whose decline was very rapid and others where the decline was negligible. This is in agreement with other studies 27,28 . Botwinick et al 28 described a subgroup of five out of 18 patients with mild AD who progressed very little over a four‐year period.…”

“…This is in agreement with other studies 27,28 . Botwinick et al 28 described a subgroup of five out of 18 patients with mild AD who progressed very little over a four‐year period. Four possible explanations for this lack of progression were given: (1) that these patients were at one end of a normal spectrum; (2) that they were less severely demented to start with; (3) the duration of disease was less in this group; and (4) that they represented an identifiable subgroup of AD, ie “slow or non‐progressive.” In invoking the same explanations for non‐progression in our group, it can be seen that the second and third explanations are not supported but both the first and last explanations remain possibilities.…”

Applicability of the CERAD neuropsychological battery to Brazilian elderly

“…The lowest specificity was for the constructional praxis test, which also had a low sensitivity. Our data are in accordance with those of a study including people with less than 12 years of education 17 , except for a higher score in verbal fluency (14.4) and a lower score (8.8) in praxis. Table 3 shows that there was a wide range variation for all tests.…”

Clinical Deterioration in Probable Alzheimer's Disease Correlates with Progressive Metabolic Impairment of Association Areas

“…The annual change of the MMSE score covered a broad range without any signifi cant difference between presenile and senile AD (table 1). The existence of patients with fast cognitive decline and others whose decline is small or negligible is in agreement with results of other authors [22][23][24][25]. The rate of cognitive decline did not depend on age at onset which is also in accordance with other studies [20,26], Thus, the present data suggest that other factors reflecting the heterogeneity in AD may influence the rate of annual cognitive decline in AD.…”

Progression of Cognitive Impairment in Alzheimer's Disease

“…At the extremes of this distribution were subjects whose decline was very rapid and others where the decline was negligible. This is in agreement with other studies 27,28 . Botwinick et al 28 described a subgroup of five out of 18 patients with mild AD who progressed very little over a four‐year period.…”

“…This is in agreement with other studies 27,28 . Botwinick et al 28 described a subgroup of five out of 18 patients with mild AD who progressed very little over a four‐year period. Four possible explanations for this lack of progression were given: (1) that these patients were at one end of a normal spectrum; (2) that they were less severely demented to start with; (3) the duration of disease was less in this group; and (4) that they represented an identifiable subgroup of AD, ie “slow or non‐progressive.” In invoking the same explanations for non‐progression in our group, it can be seen that the second and third explanations are not supported but both the first and last explanations remain possibilities.…”