A Linear Parameter Varying Control Approach for DC/DC Converters in All‐Electric Boats

Abstract

Utilization of renewable energies in association with energy storage is increased in different applications such as electrical vehicles (EVs), electric boats (EBs), and smart grids. A robust controller strategy plays a significant role to optimally utilize the energy resources available in a power system. In this paper, a suitable controller for the energy resources of an EB which consists of a 5 kW solar power plant, 5 kW fuel cell, and 2 kW battery package is designed based on the linear parameter varying (LPV) controller design approach. Initially, all component dynamics are augmented, and by exploiting the sector-nonlinearity approach, the LPV representation is derived. Then, the LPV control method determines the suitable gains of the states’ feedbacks to provide the required pulse commands of the boost converters of the energy resources to regulate the DC-link voltage and supply the power of EB loads. Comparing with the state-of-the-art nonlinear control methods, the developed control approach assures the stability of the overall system, as it considers all component dynamics in the design procedure. The real-time simulation results demonstrate the performance of the designed controller in the creation of a constant DC-link voltage.

Adaptive Neural Network Linear Parameter-Varying Control of Shipboard Direct Current Microgrids

“…2 illustrates the power interface between the PV cell and the main DC MG of an EB system. The dynamics of the DC/DC boost converter connected to the PV cell can be rewritten as [22]:…”

“…This eases the controller design, because the order of each nonlinear element is much smaller than that of the overall controller. However, it degrades the overall power system performance and fails to theoretically assure the closed-loop stability [22].…”

“…In [21], an LPV-based predictive controller is suggested to determine and regulate the electric power portion of renewable energy sources. In [22], the application of LPV controller for a DC MG with multiple sources and battery packets is investigated. However, the modeled LPV is complicated and has several vertices in the polytopic structure.…”

“…Additionally, the LPV controller gains can be straightforwardly calculated through the numerical linear matrix inequality (LMI) techniques. • The proposed approach has higher robustness index dealing with system parameter variations and uncertainties than [17], [22], [29], [30]. Finally, a considered shipboard DC MG is simulated and controlled by the proposed method, and two scenarios of varying load demand and solar irradiation are presented to assess the performance of the proposed controller and state-of-the-art methods.…”

“…Finally, a considered shipboard DC MG is simulated and controlled by the proposed method, and two scenarios of varying load demand and solar irradiation are presented to assess the performance of the proposed controller and state-of-the-art methods. • Compared to [22], the proposed approach deploys a novel adaptive LPV controller that simplifies the LPV modeling with less number of the vertices. • In contrast to [23], the proposed approach not only regulates the bus voltage but also the generated power and voltage of the renewable energy sources.…”