“… Diseased condition | Experimental model | Effects and mechanisms observed | Ref. |
Pulmonary hypertension | Monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension, lung injury, & ventricular hypertrophy in rats | - reduced pulmonary arterial media thickness, interstitial fibrosis - reduced macrophages and lymphocytes around the pulmonary veins | [ 132 ] |
Acute lung injury | Atomized LPS-induced acute lung injury in BALB/c mice | - inhibited neutrophils and inflammatory cytokines - attenuated MPO activity and lung injury - prevented NF-κB activation in lungs | [ 133 ] |
Acute lung injury | Intratracheal instillation of LPS (0.5 mg/kg)-induced acute lung injury | - reduced morpho- and histo-logical changes - inhibited inflammatory cytokines, myeloperoxidase - blocked phosphorylation of IκBα, NF-κB p65, p38 MAPK, JNK and ERK | [ 89 ] |
Cardiac arrhythmias | Cardiac arrhythmia in Langendorff model | - improved hemodynamic and electrocardiographic changes in rats | [ 69 ] |
Myocardial infarction | Isoproterenol-induced murine MI model | - attenuated ST elevation, infarct area, histopathology - restored antioxidants, suppressed apoptosis | [ 38 ] |
Myocardial infarction | Isoproterenol (85 mg/kg, s.c.)-induced myocardial infarction in rats | - mitigated injury by MAPK/NF-κB pathway - improved hemodynamics and cardiac enzymes - inhibits inflammatory markers & infract area - inhibits apoptosis altering Bcl-2 and Bax | [ 39 ] |
Dyslipidemia | high-fat diet-fed obesity in C57BL/6 mice | - reduced lipid accumulation and adipocytes - corrected lipid profile & fasting blood glucose - activated PPAR-α, and inhibited LXR-β signaling | [ 58 ] |
Liver fibrosis | CCl 4 -induced liver fibrosis in Wistar rats | - prevented serum aminotransferases, total cholesterol - restored antioxidants & decreased MDA - decreased TNF-α, TGF-β, α-SMA and hydroxyproline | [ 113 ] |
Acetaminophen-hepatotoxicity | Cytochrome P450 isoform-specific substrates in the liver microsomes of mou... |
…”