A Hybrid Mutual Coupling Reduction Technique in a Dual-Band MIMO Textile Antenna for WBAN and 5G Applications

Mashagba, Hamza A.; Rahim, Hasliza A.; Adam, Ismahayati; Jamaluddin, Mohd Haizal; Yasin, Mohd Najib Mohd; Jusoh, M.; Sabapathy, Thennarasan; Abdulmalek, Mohamedfareq; Al‐Hadi, Azremi Abdullah; Ismail, Arif Mawardi; Soh, Ping Jack

doi:10.1109/access.2021.3125049

Cited by 29 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The WBAN applications become more common in healthcare, sports, military, space, and industrial applications, and therefore it becomes essential to develop flexible antennas facilitating the undisturbed use of these networks by the end users. Researchers have addressed this requirement from many different angles and have come up with different solutions [80], [81], [82], [83], [84], [85], [86], [87], [88], [89], [90], [91], [92], [93].…”

Section: Flexible and Wearable Antennamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, this is a good candidate for most of the WBAN applications. Mashagba et al proposed a hybrid mutual coupling reduction technique using a flexible antenna fabricated on textile for WBAN and 5G applications [83]. This proposed multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna has dual frequencies 2.45 GHz and 3.5 GHz with measured radiation efficiencies of 30.5% and 49.5% where the realized gains were 1.5 dBi and 5.9 dBi respectively.…”

Section: Flexible and Wearable Antennamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wireless Body Area Networks and Their Applications—A Review

et al. 2023

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In this paper, a comprehensive review of the wireless body area network is provided. A review of the WBAN architectures, standard network topologies, and WBAN communication protocols is discussed in detail. Also, the security requirements of WBAN, security threats and types of attacks, and authentications used in WBAN are discussed. The paper also includes very detailed coverage of antenna types, antenna designs, and flexible antennas used in WBAN with some design considerations and comparisons. Some new energy harvesting technologies, materials used for energy harvesting, and energy management are also discussed. Energy harvesting and power management is an ever-growing area of research. Despite the fact that there are many nanogenerator-based energy harvesting methods, the demand for more efficient energy harvesting mechanisms is ever-increasing. The paper has an extensive discussion of energy harvesting and power management methods. Subsequently, some reviews of recent developments in wearable sensors and novel materials for developing wearable sensors are discussed. Finally, the application areas of WBAN are discussed INDEX TERMS Body area network, network security, wireless communication protocols, wearable sensors, energy harvesting, WBAN, flexible sensors, IoT.

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Section: Flexible and Wearable Antennamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Flexible and Wearable Antennamentioning

confidence: 99%

Wireless Body Area Networks and Their Applications—A Review

et al. 2023

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“…At present, the application of the SRR in the field of EMS fabric has been rarely reported. The existing relevant literature mainly focuses on the research of textile-based antennas [ 22 , 23 ], sensors [ 24 , 25 ], and filtering [ 26 , 27 ], which mention their SE and absorbing bandwidths and other characteristics. For example, in order to filter and control the signal propagation along the ultra-high frequency (UHF) range of e-textile, transmission lines with one or more SRRs were loaded on a felt substrate, and a conclusion was obtained that the stopband level of metamaterial electronic textiles with compact embroidery was high.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shielding Performance of Electromagnetic Shielding Fabric Implanted with “Split-Ring Resonator”

2023

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The electromagnetic shielding (EMS) fabric is an important electromagnetic protection product, which is widely applied in various fields. The improvement of its shielding effectiveness (SE) has always been the focus of research. This article proposes to implant a metamaterial structure of a “split-ring resonator (SRR)” in the EMS fabrics, so that the fabric not only maintains the porous and lightweight characteristics, but also obtains the SE improvement. With the help of the invisible embroidery technology, stainless-steel filaments were used to implant hexagonal SRRs inside the fabric. The effectiveness and influencing factors of the SRR implantation were described by testing the SE of the fabric and analyzing the experimental results. It was concluded that the SRR implantation inside the fabric can effectively improve the SE of the fabric. For the stainless-steel EMS fabric, the increase amplitude of the SE reached between 6 dB and 15 dB in most frequency bands. The overall SE of the fabric showed a decrease trend with the reduction of the outer diameter of the SRR. The decrease trend was sometimes fast and sometimes slow. The decreasing amplitudes were different in various frequency ranges. The number of embroidery threads had a certain effect on the SE of the fabric. When other parameters remained unchanged, the increase of the diameter of the embroidery thread resulted in the increase of the SE of the fabric. However, the overall improvement was not significant. Finally, this article also points out that other influencing factors of the SRR need to be explored, and the failure phenomenon may occur under certain situations. The proposed method has the advantages of the simple process, convenient design, no pore formation, SE improvement retaining the original porous characteristics of the fabric. This paper provides a new idea for the design, production, and development of new EMS fabrics.

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“…The expected number of antennas for 5G user equipment (UE) is nearly 4-8 while the 5G base station focuses on larger scale antenna or massive-MIMO implemen- tation, where the expected antenna number is nearly 100 or more [13] - [17]. These multi-antenna system suffers from inter-element mutual coupling due to in-band fundamental frequency component and there are certain mutual coupling reduction techniques also available in literature to suppress the in-band effect only [18] - [20]. However, in these multiantenna scenario with high system complexity, the EMI generation due to the HOMs of individual antenna element produces unwanted multi-path scattering between the onboard antennas; this leads to the pattern distortion, beam tilt and generation of unwanted side-lobes [21] - [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Four-Port CSRR-Loaded Dual-Band MIMO Antenna With Suppressed Higher Order Modes

Dash

Sarkar

2022

IEEE Access

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In this paper, we propose a compact four-port dual-band MIMO antenna with suppressed higher order modes (HOMs). First, complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) loading is used on a square microstrip antenna to achieve simultaneous miniaturization and dual-band response. Next, the HOMs in the proposed CSRR loaded MIMO configuration are analysed using equivalent circuit model as well as surface current distribution plots. By placing a single shorting post close to antenna center line, these HOMs of the four-port dual-band MIMO antenna are then suppressed, while maintaining satisfactory mutual coupling (< −11 dB) and impedance matching (< −15 dB) performance in the operating band. Furthermore, simulated and measured values of total active reflection coefficient (TARC), envelop correlation coefficient (ECC) and channel capacity loss (CCL) are within the desired levels of −10 dB, 0.5 and 0.5 bits/s/Hz respectively, signifying good diversity performance of the proposed MIMO antenna. INDEX TERMSComplementary Split Ring Resonator (CSRR), Higher Order Modes (HOMs), Microstrip Antenna, Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO).

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A Hybrid Mutual Coupling Reduction Technique in a Dual-Band MIMO Textile Antenna for WBAN and 5G Applications

Cited by 29 publications

References 28 publications

Wireless Body Area Networks and Their Applications—A Review

Wireless Body Area Networks and Their Applications—A Review

Shielding Performance of Electromagnetic Shielding Fabric Implanted with “Split-Ring Resonator”

A Four-Port CSRR-Loaded Dual-Band MIMO Antenna With Suppressed Higher Order Modes

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