A hybrid digital image watermarking algorithm based on DCT‐DWT and auto‐thresholding

Abstract

Multimedia evolution in the current era has given digital images security and privacy a great concern. Digital image watermarking is used to produce highly protected images in order to promote secure and protected exchange over the network and between individuals. In this paper, a robust algorithm for digital image watermarking is proposed based on a hybrid watermarking and auto‐thresholding. This algorithm is designed to embed the watermarks in the transform domain using both discrete cosine transform and discrete wavelet transform (DCT‐DWT). Image is transformed to DCT then to DWT and the algorithm trains itself to choose the best embedding threshold. This threshold must satisfy a performance trade‐off and at the same time attains high imperceptibility and robustness. The algorithm performance is evaluated under various attacks and showed high‐performance level. Imperceptibility evaluation showed peak signal‐to‐noise ratio above 42.96 dB and similarity percentage above 99.27%. The algorithm proved high resistance to noising, scaling, cropping, rotation, and compression attacks. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Analysis of Digital Image Watermarking Techniques through Hybrid Methods

“…e DCT is applied to the host image prior to DWT. e algorithm uses the best threshold value for choosing the best embedding region and ensures better imperceptibility and high robustness against scaling, cropping, rotation, noising, and compression attacks [9]. Another hybrid method is presented [10] that combines the DWT and DCT domains by maintaining robustness and imperceptibility.…”

“…Test image Imperceptibility measured in PSNR (dB) (without any deformation of watermarked image) DWT-DCT [3] Lena 37.7160 DWT-SVD [4] Lena 109.84 DWT-SVD [5] Cameraman 64.3155 LWT-DCT [6] Lena 46.7629 DWT-DCT [8] MRI-brain 52.743550 (for gain factor, k � 0.02) DCT-DWT [9] Peppers 42.74 DWT-DCT-SVD [12] Abdominal 57.80 ((for gain factor, k � 0.1) LWT-DCT-SVD [13] Lena 46.5085 DCT-SVD [14] Barbara 62.74 DFT-DCT [15] Mandrill and D9 61.28 (for Mandrill), 58.97 (for D9 image) DCT-DWT [17] Baboon >35…”

DWT, DCT, SVD Tekniklerinden oluşan Hibrid Yapı ile Dijital Görüntü Filigran Ekleme ve BFO Algoritması ile Optimizasyonu

“…During the sharing and distribution of multimedia data, digital images can be easily reproduced and manipulated. This situation causes the copyright violations of users and the violations of privacy of personal data [1,2,3]. Many methods are used to protect digital images, one of them is the watermarking technique [1,2,4,5].…”

“…This situation causes the copyright violations of users and the violations of privacy of personal data [1,2,3]. Many methods are used to protect digital images, one of them is the watermarking technique [1,2,4,5]. The digital watermarking is used for data protection in multimedia types of audio, video, image and text [1,4,6,7].…”

“…Many methods are used to protect digital images, one of them is the watermarking technique [1,2,4,5]. The digital watermarking is used for data protection in multimedia types of audio, video, image and text [1,4,6,7]. The digital watermarking is frequently used in medical images, forensic images, media images, communication images, etc.…”