A history of research on yeasts 14:<sup>1</sup> medical yeasts part 2, <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i>

Barnett, James A.

doi:10.1002/yea.1786

Cited by 44 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 184 publications

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“…9,10 C. gattii is a fungal pathogen that grows preferentially in soil around various kinds of trees. 7,11 Similar to C. neoformans, it causes pulmonary and CNS disease in people. 8,12,13 The initial recognition of C. gattii as a pathogen was reported in a patient with a lumbar tumour by pathologist Ferdinand Curtis in 1896.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Cryptococcus gattii meningoencephalitis

Franco‐Paredes

Womack

Bohlmeyer

et al. 2015

The Lancet Infectious Diseases

106

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Cryptococcosis is a fungal disease caused by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii. By inhalation and subsequent pulmonary infection, it may disseminate to the CNS and cause meningitis or meningoencephalitis. Most cases occur in immunosuppressed hosts, including patients with HIV/AIDS, patients receiving immunosuppressing drugs, and solid organ transplant recipients. However, cryptococcosis also occurs in individuals with apparently healthy immune systems. A growing number of cases are caused by C. gattii, with infections occurring in both immunosuppressed and immunocompetent individuals. In the majority of documented cases, treatment of C. gattii infection of the CNS requires aggressive management of raised intracranial pressure along with standard antifungal therapy. Early cerebrospinal fluid evacuation is often needed through placement of a percutaneous lumbar drain or ventriculostomy. Furthermore, pharmacological immunosuppression with a high dose of dexamethasone is sometimes needed to ameliorate a persistently increased inflammatory response and to reduce intracranial pressure. In this Grand Round, we present the case of an otherwise healthy adolescent female patient, who, despite aggressive management, succumbed to C. gattii meningoencephalitis. We also present a review of the existing literature and discuss optimum clinical management of meningoencephalitis caused by C. gattii.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Cryptococcus gattii meningoencephalitis

Franco‐Paredes

Womack

Bohlmeyer

et al. 2015

The Lancet Infectious Diseases

106

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“…İlk kez 19. yüzyıl sonunda şeftali suyundan ve hastalardan izole edilmiştir (21) . Kapsül antijenine göre A, B, C, D ve çeşitli sebzelerde, odunda bulunan AD serotipleri vardır.…”

Section: Cryptococcus Neoformans'da Patojenli̇ği̇n Evri̇mi̇unclassified

“…neoformans'ın virulans faktörleri olarak tanımlanmış olanlar şunlardır (Tablo 2): Kapsül (polisakkarit yapıda), melanin (yapımı, lakkaz (fenol oksidaz) enzimine bağımlı), üreaz, fosfolipaz enzimleri ve 37°C'de ve az alkalen ortamda üreyebilme yetenekleri (21) . Kapsül oluşturma-yan C. neoformans suşları, duyarlı deney hayvanı olan fındık faresi için avirulandır.…”

Section: Cryptococcus Neoformans'da Patojenli̇ği̇n Evri̇mi̇unclassified

“…Antifungal ilaçları bağlayarak virulansta etkili olduğu bilinmektedir ve melaninli hücrele-rin fagositoza, ültraviyole ışınına, ağır metallere ve ısı değişimlerine daha dirençli olduğu saptanmıştır (23) . Üreaz yapmayan C. neoformans suşlarının fındık faresi için az virulan olduğu, fosfolipazın da hücre içi üremede etkili olduğu kanıtlanmıştır (21) .…”

Section: Cryptococcus Neoformans'da Patojenli̇ği̇n Evri̇mi̇unclassified

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Evolution of the Pathogenicity in Virulent Yeasts

Anǧ¹

2014

TMCD

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Derleme ÖZET Hastalık Etkeni Mayalarda Patojenliğin Evrimi § GİRİŞYarım yüzyıl önce İstanbul Üniversitesi İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi'nde 6. yarıyılda "genel mikrobiyoloji" derslerini dinlerken, patojenite = enfeksiyözite + virulans denklemi dikkatimi çekmişti. Bir mikroorganizmanın enfeksiyon hastalığı oluşturması için yukarıda değinilen eşitliğin ikinci tarafında yazılanlardan özellikle "virulans"ın çok önemli olduğunu öğrenmiştik.

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“…neoformans (serotype D). 2,3 Serotype D is most common in cutaneous cryptococcosis. 4,5 However, recent further subspeciation of Cryptococcus has concluded that other serotypes can also cause cutaneous cryptococcal infections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary cutaneous cryptococcosis in an immunocompetent man: A case report

Lü¹,

Wu²,

Hong³

2013

Dermatologica Sinica

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a b s t r a c tCutaneous cryptococcosis usually develops secondary to hematogenous spread in immunocompromised hosts. Primary cutaneous cryptococcosis (PCC) is a rare condition characterized by localized skin eruptions and positive culture for Cryptococcus neoformans but without dissemination to the internal organs. Herein, we describe a typical case of PCC in an immunocompetent male who presented with a 1-month history of scattered erythematous indurated papules and plaques on his arm and without fever. The histology of his skin, tissue culture, and multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed cutaneous cryptococcal infection by C neoformans var. neoformans. After extensive work-ups showed no evidence of systemic dissemination or underlying cellular-immunity deficiency, the diagnosis of primary cutaneous cryptococcosis was made. Treatment with fluconazole 400 mg daily for 14 days followed by 200 mg daily for another 14 days led to complete resolution of the skin lesions, and subsequent follow-up showed no signs of relapse.

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A history of research on yeasts 14:¹ medical yeasts part 2, Cryptococcus neoformans

Cited by 44 publications

References 184 publications

Management of Cryptococcus gattii meningoencephalitis

Management of Cryptococcus gattii meningoencephalitis

Evolution of the Pathogenicity in Virulent Yeasts

Primary cutaneous cryptococcosis in an immunocompetent man: A case report

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A history of research on yeasts 14:1 medical yeasts part 2, Cryptococcus neoformans

Cited by 44 publications

References 184 publications

Management of Cryptococcus gattii meningoencephalitis

Management of Cryptococcus gattii meningoencephalitis

Evolution of the Pathogenicity in Virulent Yeasts

Primary cutaneous cryptococcosis in an immunocompetent man: A case report

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A history of research on yeasts 14:¹ medical yeasts part 2, Cryptococcus neoformans