A highly selective and recyclable NO-responsive nanochannel based on a spiroring opening−closing reaction strategy

Abstract

Endogenous nitric oxide (NO) is an important messenger molecule, which can directly activate K+ transmission and cause relaxation of vascular smooth muscle. Here, inspired by the K+ channel of smooth muscle cells, we report, a novel NO-regulated artificial nanochannel based on a spiro ring opening−closing reaction strategy. This nanofluidic diode system shows an outstanding NO selective response owing to the specific reaction between o-phenylenediamine (OPD) and NO on the channel surface with high ion rectification ratio (~6.7) and ion gating ratio (~4). Moreover, this NO gating system exhibits excellent reversibility and stability as well as high selectivity response. This system not only helps us understand the process of NO directly regulating biological ion channels, but also has potential application value in the field of biosensors.

Improved osmotic energy conversion in heterogeneous membrane boosted by three-dimensional hydrogel interface

“…3e, f, the I-V response of the heterogeneous system is nonlinear and the system exhibits obvious ionic rectifying behavior. This is because the inherent electrostatic, chemical, and structural asymmetries would contribute to asymmetric flow of ionic species upon switching the external voltage 40 . Notably, the coating of extra ANF layer onto the hydrogel membrane has not largely decreased, but even enhances the ion transporting ability with an ionic current 44 μA (at −2 V).…”

Advances in Biosensors and Diagnostic Technologies Using Nanostructures and Nanomaterials

“…self-assembly [144] Nanochannels Silicon (Si) and glass [210], polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) [211,212] Chemical etching [211], nanoreplica molding [162], photolithography [210,212], soft lithography [212], microflow patterning [212] 3D Complex 3D structures Gold (Au) [213], Silver (Ag) [214], Platinum (Pt), [213], metal oxides: zinc oxide (ZnO), copper (Cu) and copper oxide (CuO), titanium(IV) oxide (TiO 2 ) [215][216][217], Carbon fiber(CF) [216], reduced GO (rGO) [216,218], cobalt phosphate (Co 2 (PO 2 ) 2 ) [219,220], polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) [221,222] Sputtering [215], electrodeposition [216], nanoparticle nucleation [219], hydrothermal synthesis [161], seedless one-spot synthesis [214], self-assembly [216] electrochemical activation [216], soft lithography [221,222] The functionalization of NPs onto a sensor platform is commonly employed in LSPR biosensors, as well as in SERS biosensors, to increase target-binding capacity. [39,53,172,[263][264][265] Nanolattices are a common type of nanoarray structure, which is formed when the NPs are arranged in an ordered array which enables them to scatter light and produce diffracted waves.…”

“…To achieve this goal, solid-state nanochannels have been combined with various nanostructures that serve as molecular gates, such as the nick hybridization chain reaction and the Spiro ring opening/closing reaction strategy. [211,358] In a bio-inspired example of the latter, Sun et al developed an artificial, reversible nitric oxide (NO)responsive nanochannel (Figure 11B). Their inspiration was the naturally occurring K + channel, which is regulated by NO.…”

“…Upon ring formation between these components (i.e., cyclization), the positive charge of the channel repels K + transport; in the presence of NO, the spiro ring is opened and exposure of rhodamine carboxyl groups enables K + transport. [211] Although nanochannels are usually formulated from solidstate materials such as soft and hard polymers (e.g., PDMS, poly(methyl methacrylate)) and glass, these structures have also been fabricated in other unconventional ways that confer benefits to the resulting sensor. One example of this is a thin liquid film nanochannel sensor fabricated via bubble-based film nanofluidics, a technique recently developed by Ma et al These nanochannels were formed by inserting a gas bubble into a glass capillary, and using Debye length and wettability to regulate the channel height, while applying pressure to regulate the length of the channel.…”

Modulation of the lifespan of C. elegans by the controlled release of nitric oxide

“…[1][2][3][4] Elucidation of the ubiquitous and endogenous nature and facile biological functions of NO has triggered intensive efforts to use NO as a biomanipulative or therapeutic tool. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] NO is also profoundly implicated in aging. [15][16][17] A large body of literature has rmly established that NO related oxidative damage is partly responsible for aging.…”