A health risk assessment and early alcohol intervention program for non-mandated students

Welter, Trisha L.; Rossmann, Patrick D.; Hines, Haley E.

doi:10.1080/07448481.2020.1808661

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…All of these indicated that while family history includes at least some genetic components of AUD, PRS provided complementary information, and together they improve the ability to evaluate disease risk as having been demonstrated in previous studies (Abraham et al, 2019; Gronberg et al, 2015; Hujoel et al, 2021; Kachuri et al, 2020; Lu et al, 2018; Moll et al, 2020). As noted previously, early alcohol intervention programs with high‐risk individuals were effective in reducing the incidence of AUD (Bersamin et al, 2007; Cronce & Larimer, 2011; Kaner et al, 2007, 2018; Knox et al, 2019; Solberg et al, 2008; Welter et al, 2020; Whitlock et al, 2004); PRS and family history can lead to expedited risk identification, which in turn can guide best practices around these programs, making targeted and personalized prevention strategies possible.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is one of the most common public health challenges (World Health Organization, 2018). Studies have found that for high-risk individuals, alcohol intervention programs can significantly reduce the incidence of AUD (Bersamin et al, 2007;Cronce & Larimer, 2011;Kaner et al, 2007Kaner et al, , 2018Knox et al, 2019;Solberg et al, 2008;Welter et al, 2020;Whitlock et al, 2004). Early identification of high-risk individuals, especially prior to the onset of risky alcohol use, could improve the efficiency and effectiveness of these alcohol interventions (Schuckit et al, 2016) and could help the development of novel targeted and personalized prevention strategies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating risk for alcohol use disorder: Polygenic risk scores and family history

Lai

Johnson

Colbert

et al. 2022

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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Background Early identification of individuals at high risk for alcohol use disorder (AUD) coupled with prompt interventions could reduce the incidence of AUD. In this study, we investigated whether Polygenic Risk Scores (PRS) can be used to evaluate the risk for AUD and AUD severity (as measured by the number of DSM‐5 AUD diagnostic criteria met) and compared their performance with a measure of family history of AUD. Methods We studied individuals of European ancestry from the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA). DSM‐5 diagnostic criteria were available for 7203 individuals, of whom 3451 met criteria for DSM‐IV alcohol dependence or DSM‐5 AUD and 1616 were alcohol‐exposed controls aged ≥21 years with no history of AUD or drug dependence. Further, 4842 individuals had a positive first‐degree family history of AUD (FH+), 2722 had an unknown family history (FH?), and 336 had a negative family history (FH−). PRS were derived from a meta‐analysis of a genome‐wide association study of AUD from the Million Veteran Program and scores from the problem subscale of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test in the UK Biobank. We used mixed models to test the association between PRS and risk for AUD and AUD severity. Results AUD cases had higher PRS than controls with PRS increasing as the number of DSM‐5 diagnostic criteria increased (p‐values ≤ 1.85E−05) in the full COGA sample, the FH+ subsample, and the FH? subsample. Individuals in the top decile of PRS had odds ratios (OR) for developing AUD of 1.96 (95% CI: 1.54 to 2.51, p‐value = 7.57E−08) and 1.86 (95% CI: 1.35 to 2.56, p‐value = 1.32E−04) in the full sample and the FH+ subsample, respectively. These values are comparable to previously reported ORs for a first‐degree family history (1.91 to 2.38) estimated from national surveys. PRS were also significantly associated with the DSM‐5 AUD diagnostic criterion count in the full sample, the FH+ subsample, and the FH? subsample (p‐values ≤6.7E−11). PRS remained significantly associated with AUD and AUD severity after accounting for a family history of AUD (p‐values ≤6.8E−10). Conclusions Both PRS and family history were associated with AUD and AUD severity, indicating that these risk measures assess distinct aspects of liability to AUD traits.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating risk for alcohol use disorder: Polygenic risk scores and family history

Lai

Johnson

Colbert

et al. 2022

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The program has been shown to be efficacious in reducing alcohol use and related risks among incoming students [ 22 - 28 ] and samples of general college drinkers [ 29 , 30 ]. Reductions in alcohol use after administration of Alcohol eCHECKUP TO GO have also been demonstrated among specific high-risk college populations, such as heavy drinkers or frequent heavy drinkers [ 31 - 36 ], heavy or problematic drinkers [ 37 , 38 ], or students mandated to receive treatment [ 39 - 42 ]. Despite these strong successes with high-risk college populations, so far, no studies have examined the efficacy of Alcohol eCHECKUP TO GO specifically among students involved in Greek life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining Emailed Feedback as Boosters After a College Drinking Intervention Among Fraternities and Sororities: Rationale and Protocol for a Remote Controlled Trial (Project Greek)

Braitman¹,

Shipley²,

Strowger³

et al. 2022

JMIR Res Protoc

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Background College students involved in Greek life (ie, members of fraternities and sororities) tend to engage in more high-risk alcohol use and experience more negative consequences than those not involved in Greek life. Web-based alcohol interventions, such as Alcohol eCHECKUP TO GO, have been successful in reducing alcohol use and consequences among the general college student population, but interventions targeting alcohol reduction among those involved in Greek life have had limited success. Booster emails including personalized feedback regarding descriptive norms and protective behavioral strategies have shown potential in increasing the effectiveness of web-based interventions among college drinkers. Studies are needed to determine the efficacy of these boosters among those involved in Greek life. Objective The primary objective of this study is to assess the efficacy of booster emails sent to Greek life students who complete Alcohol eCHECKUP TO GO. Specifically, we expect that participants who receive the booster emails will reduce their alcohol consumption and related problems (primary aim 1), reduce perceived peer drinking, and increase the number of protective behavioral strategies they use over time (primary aim 2) relative to those who do not receive boosters. Contingent upon finding the emailed booster efficacious and sufficient enrollment of members from each organization, an exploratory aim is to examine social mechanisms of change (ie, through selection vs socialization). Methods This study is a remote, controlled intervention trial following participants for up to 6 months. Participants must be aged at least 18 years, undergraduate students, and members of a participating fraternity or sorority. Eligible participants complete a web-based baseline survey to assess their alcohol consumption behaviors and beliefs, including norms and protective behavioral strategies, and information about their social networks. After completing the baseline survey, they participate in the web-based intervention. Follow-up surveys are sent 1, 3, and 6 months after the intervention. Those in the booster condition also receive emails containing personalized feedback at 2 weeks and 14 weeks after the intervention. Latent growth models and R-Simulation Investigation for Empirical Network Analysis will be used to analyze the data. Results As of September 2022, we have enrolled 18 participants from 2 fraternities and 2 sororities, and they have completed the baseline survey. Overall, 72% (13/18) of participants have completed the 1-month follow-up. Enrollment will continue through December 2022. Conclusions This study aims to examine the effectiveness of personalized feedback booster emails sent after an alcohol intervention among members of college Greek life. A secondary, exploratory aim is to provide information about social mechanisms of change (if possible). The current methodology targets whole network recruitment, with chapter presidents serving as gatekeepers and facilitators. Unique challenges of recruiting whole networks and working with campus administrators are discussed. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05107284; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05107284 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/42535

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A health risk assessment and early alcohol intervention program for non-mandated students

Cited by 2 publications

References 41 publications

Evaluating risk for alcohol use disorder: Polygenic risk scores and family history

Evaluating risk for alcohol use disorder: Polygenic risk scores and family history

Examining Emailed Feedback as Boosters After a College Drinking Intervention Among Fraternities and Sororities: Rationale and Protocol for a Remote Controlled Trial (Project Greek)

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