A grid theory of stress in polish

Rubach, Jerzy; Booij, Geert

doi:10.1016/0024-3841(85)90032-4

Cited by 69 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…Thus these two languages would rate as intermediate on a rhythmic scale like the one proposed by Dauer (1987). As a matter of fact, no firm agreement on their rhythmic status had been arrived at by phonologists (Hayes & Puppel, 1985;Mascaró, 1976;Rubach & Booij, 1985;Wheeler, 1979). It should be noticed that while Dauer (1987) proposed that languages may be scattered along a continuum, the fact that some languages fall between typically syllable-timed and stresstimed languages does not exclude the possibility that there are just more classes than those originally proposed.…”

Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pike (1945) thus renamed the two types of rhythms "syllable-timed" and "stress-timed", and Abercrombie (1967) went a step further by claiming that linguistic rhythm was either based on the isochrony of syllables, or on the isochrony of interstress intervals, for all languages throughout the world. Further work generally classified Germanic and Slavonic languages, as well as Arabic, as stress-timed, Romance languages as syllable-timed, and hypothesized a third category of mora-timed languages, including Japanese and Tamil (Abercrombie, 1967;Bertinetto, 1989;Ladefoged, 1975;Pike, 1945;Port, Dalby, & O'Dell, 1987;Rubach & Booij, 1985;Steever, 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlates of linguistic rhythm in the speech signal

1999

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Spoken languages have been classified by linguists according to their rhythmic properties, and psycholinguists have relied on this classification to account for infants' capacity to discriminate languages. Although researchers have measured many speech signal properties, they have failed to identify reliable acoustic characteristics for language classes. This paper presents instrumental measurements based on a consonant/vowel segmentation for eight languages. The measurements suggest that intuitive rhythm types reflect specific phonological properties, which in turn are signaled by the acoustic/phonetic properties of speech. The data support the notion of rhythm classes and also allow the simulation of infant language discrimination, consistent with the hypothesis that newborns rely on a coarse segmentation of speech. A hypothesis is proposed regarding the role of rhythm perception in language acquisition.

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Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates of linguistic rhythm in the speech signal

1999

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“…Within the space of canonical rhythm types, Polish has been placed between stress- (Rubach and Booij 1985) and syllable-timing (Hayes and Puppel 1985) and, consequently, is often described as 'mixed' (Nespor 1990). Certainly, some phonological characteristics suggested to correlate with distinct rhythm types (Dauer 1983) point to a mixed type for Polish: large consonant clusters and no vowel reduction.…”

Section: Rhythm Typementioning

confidence: 99%

Rhythmic structure effects on glottalisation: A study of different speech styles in Polish and German

Malisz

Żygis

Pompino-Marschall

2013

Laboratory Phonology

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"But the increasing interest in connected, more specifically spontaneous speech data bases has made it mandatory for researchers to enter into phonetics and phonology above the word in real-life communication, and it is in this domain that glottalisation phenomena abound." (Kohler 2001: 317) Abstract: The present paper examines glottal stops and the glottalisation of word-initial vowels in Polish and German. The presence of glottal marking is studied depending on speech style ('speech' vs. 'dialogue'), prominence, phrasal position, speech rate, word type, preceding segment, and following vowel height. A question is also posed about the extent to which glottal marking might be dependent on the rhythmic structure of a given language or style. We analyzed recordings of 18 Polish and German speakers. The results point to significant differences between the two languages. In German, glottal marking occurs significantly more often (63.4%) than in Polish (45%). Whereas in both languages (and both styles) the majority of prominent vowels are more often glottally marked than non-prominent vowels, in German word-initial non-prominent syllables are also marked relatively often. Regarding phrase position, glottal marking occurs significantly more often at the phrase-initial position compared to phrase-medial position in Polish, while no such difference has been found in German. In addition, it is shown that in both languages glottal marking is strongly dependent on the tongue height of the marked vowel: low vowels are more frequently glottalised than non-low vowels. Finally, glottal marking in Polish is more likely to occur when rhythmic variability shifts towards the 'indeterminate', strengthening the hypothesis that glottal marking facilitates perceptual grouping.

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“…If the learner's output does not match the learning datum, the learner compares its output (the loser) to the learning datum (the winner) in order to determine how to adjust the grammar. For example, suppose the learner is presented with the form [tɛ(ˈlɛfɔn)] while learning a language much like Polish, with regular penultimate stress (Rubach and Booij 1985). Suppose the learner must correctly rank constraints preferring right and left alignment of feet, ALLFEETRIGHT and ALLFEETLEFT, respectively, and constraints preferring right and left headed feet, IAMBIC and TROCHAIC, respectively.…”

Section: Error Driven Learning and Hidden Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Learning with hidden structure in Optimality Theory and Harmonic Grammar: beyond Robust Interpretive Parsing

Jarosz

2013

Phonology

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* AbstractThis paper explores the relative merits of constraint ranking versus weighting in the context of a major outstanding learnability problem in phonology: learning in the face of hidden structure. Specifically, the paper examines a well-known approach to the structural ambiguity problem, Robust Interpretive Parsing (RIP; Tesar and Smolensky 1998), focusing on its stochastic extension as first described by Boersma (2003). Two related problems with the stochastic formulation of RIP are revealed, rooted in a failure to take full advantage of probabilistic information available in the learner's grammar. To address these problems, two novel parsing strategies are introduced and applied to learning algorithms for both probabilistic ranking and weighting. The novel parsing strategies yield significant improvements in performance, asymmetrically improving performance of OT learners. Once RIP is replaced with the proposed modifications, the apparent advantage of HG over OT learners reported in previous work disappears (Boersma and Pater to appear).

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A grid theory of stress in polish

Cited by 69 publications

References 3 publications

Correlates of linguistic rhythm in the speech signal

Correlates of linguistic rhythm in the speech signal

Rhythmic structure effects on glottalisation: A study of different speech styles in Polish and German

Learning with hidden structure in Optimality Theory and Harmonic Grammar: beyond Robust Interpretive Parsing

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