A generalized disjunctive programming model for the optimal design of reverse electrodialysis process for salinity gradient-based power generation

Tristán, Carolina; Fallanza, Marcos; Ibáñez, Raquel; Ortíz, Inmaculada; Grossmann, Iris

doi:10.1016/j.compchemeng.2023.108196

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…The objective function

of Tristán et al’s (2023) [ 30 ] model maximizes the net present value (NPV, in EUR) of the RED plant, as given in Equation (1):

where TNP is the total net power (kW),

is the load factor or the actual working hours of the RED plant (as % of the total hours in a year),

is the electricity price (EUR/kWh), cp is the carbon price (EUR/tCO 2e ), ef is the emission factor (expressed in kg CO 2e /kWh), and CRF is the capital recovery factor (−). Disbursement flows involve the incurred annualized capital and yearly operational expenses that yield the total annual cost (TAC in EUR/year, defined by Equation (2)) of the RED process.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This section summarizes the main equations and assumptions of the optimization model developed by Tristán et al (2023), which are detailed in depth in their publication of Computers and Chemical Engineering [30]. The optimization model is formulated as a Generalized Disjunctive Programming (GDP) problem that incorporates a finitedifference RED stack model from our research group to define the cost-optimal process design.…”

Section: Techno-economic Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The objective function f (x) of Tristán et al's (2023) [30] model maximizes the net present value (NPV, in EUR) of the RED plant, as given in Equation ( 1):…”

Section: Techno-economic Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tristán et al (2023) [ 30 ] developed an optimization model formulated as a Generalized Disjunctive Programming (GDP) problem that incorporates a RED stack mathematical model from our research group. This decision-making tool is able to define the cost-optimal process design.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design of a Reverse Electrodialysis Plant for Salinity Gradient Energy Extraction in a Coastal Wastewater Treatment Plant

et al. 2023

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The chemical potential difference at the discharge points of coastal Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) uncovers the opportunity to harness renewable salinity gradient energy (SGE). This work performs an upscaling assessment of reverse electrodialysis (RED) for SGE harvesting of two selected WWTPs located in Europe, quantified in terms of net present value (NPV). For that purpose, a design tool based on an optimization model formulated as a Generalized Disjunctive Program previously developed by the research group has been applied. The industrial scale-up of SGE-RED has already proven to be technically and economically feasible in the Ierapetra medium-sized plant (Greece), mainly due to a greater volumetric flow and a warmer temperature. At the current price of electricity in Greece and the up-to-date market cost of membranes of 10 EUR/m2, the NPV of an optimized RED plant in Ierapetra would amount to EUR117 thousand operating with 30 RUs in winter and EUR 157 thousand for 32 RUs in summer, harnessing 10.43 kW and 11.96 kW of SGE for the winter and summer seasons, respectively. However, in the Comillas facility (Spain), this could be cost-competitive with conventional alternatives, namely coal or nuclear power, under certain conditions such as lower capital expenses due to affordable membrane commercialization (4 EUR/m2). Bringing the membrane price down to 4 EUR/m2 would place the SGE-RED’s Levelized Cost of Energy in the range of 83 EUR/MWh to 106 EUR/MWh, similar to renewable sources such as solar PV residential rooftops.

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“…The objective function

of Tristán et al’s (2023) [ 30 ] model maximizes the net present value (NPV, in EUR) of the RED plant, as given in Equation (1):

where TNP is the total net power (kW),

is the load factor or the actual working hours of the RED plant (as % of the total hours in a year),

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Techno-economic Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The objective function f (x) of Tristán et al's (2023) [30] model maximizes the net present value (NPV, in EUR) of the RED plant, as given in Equation ( 1):…”

Section: Techno-economic Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design of a Reverse Electrodialysis Plant for Salinity Gradient Energy Extraction in a Coastal Wastewater Treatment Plant

et al. 2023

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Global Optimization via Quadratic Disjunctive Programming for Water Networks Design with Energy Recovery

Tristán,

Fallanza,

Ibáñez

et al. 2024

Computer Aided Chemical Engineering

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Designing Reverse Electrodialysis Process for Salinity Gradient Power Generation via Disjunctive Programming

Trist�n,

Fallanza,

Ib��ez

et al. 2024

Systems and Control Transactions

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Reverse electrodialysis (RED) is a nascent renewable technology that generates clean, baseload electricity from salinity differences between two water streams, a renewable source known as salinity gradient energy (SGE). Full-scale RED progress calls for robust techno-economic and environmental assessments. Using generalized disjunctive programming (GDP) and life cycle assessment (LCA) principles, this work proposes cost-optimal and sustainable RED process designs involving different RED stack sizes and width-over-length ratios to guide the design and operation from the demonstration to full-scale phases. Results indicate that RED units will benefit from larger aspect ratios with a relative increase in net power of over 30% with 6 m2 membrane size. Commercial RED unit sizes (0.25�3 m2) require larger aspect ratios to reach an equal relative increase in net power but exhibit higher power densities. The GDP model devises profitable RED process designs for all the assessed aspect ratios in a foreseeable scenario for full-scale deployment, that is, the energy recovery from desalination concentrates mixed with reclaimed wastewater effluents. A RED system with 3 m2 RED units nine times wider than its length could earn a net present value of $2M at a competitive levelized cost of electricity of $111/MWh in the Spanish electricity market. On-site, RED-based electricity could abate roughly 7% of the greenhouse gas emissions from the desalination plant's energy supply, given the low emissions contribution of RED supply share. These findings demonstrate that optimization-based eco-technoeconomic assessments are a vital ally in making RED a full-scale reality.

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A generalized disjunctive programming model for the optimal design of reverse electrodialysis process for salinity gradient-based power generation

Cited by 3 publications

References 65 publications

Design of a Reverse Electrodialysis Plant for Salinity Gradient Energy Extraction in a Coastal Wastewater Treatment Plant

Design of a Reverse Electrodialysis Plant for Salinity Gradient Energy Extraction in a Coastal Wastewater Treatment Plant

Global Optimization via Quadratic Disjunctive Programming for Water Networks Design with Energy Recovery

Designing Reverse Electrodialysis Process for Salinity Gradient Power Generation via Disjunctive Programming

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