A G3P[13] porcine group A rotavirus emerging in China is a reassortant and a natural recombinant in the VP4 gene

Jing, Zhaoyang; Zhang, X.; Shi, Hongyan; Chen, J.; Da, Shi; Dong, Hui; Feng, Liping

doi:10.1111/tbed.12756

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 79 publications

(96 reference statements)

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“…For the NSP1 gene, RVA/Human/IND/Kol-066/2013/G9P4 and RVA/ Human/NPL/09N3140/2009/G12P[6] served as the major and minor parents, respectively, for genotypes A2 and A1. These results differed from those reported earlier for the VP4 and NSP1 genes of a novel human triple recombinant G4P[6-8_R] mono-reassortant strain identified in a stool sample from the Dominican Republic that showed two and three recombination breakpoints, respectively [21], and those for reported a porcine strain G3P [15] from China, which suggested that the strain was a natural recombinant in the VP4 gene (with breakpoints between 456-804 nt) [52]. The recombination in the VP3 gene detected in this study differed from that reported earlier from the USA for the strain RVA/Human-wt/AUS/CK20004/2000/G1P [8]P [4], which appeared to be a recombinant between genotype M1 and genotype M2, with four crossover points [12].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Rotavirus G9P[4], G9P[6] and G1P[6] strains isolated from children with acute gastroenteritis in Pune, western India, 2013–2015: evidence for recombination in genes encoding VP3, VP4 and NSP1

Tatte

Maran

Walimbe

et al. 2019

Journal of General Virology

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Species A rotaviruses (RVAs) are genetically diverse pathogens. These are the most evolutionarily adaptable organisms, with a multitude of mechanisms for evolutionary change. To date, full-genome classification has been proved to be an excellent tool for studying the evolution of unusual rotavirus strains. As limited data are available from Pune (Maharashtra), western India, the current study was undertaken with the aim of understanding the genetic diversity in three (G1P[6], G9P[4] and G9P[4]) unusual RVA strains circulating in Pune, India during 2013–2015. Full-genome analysis of these strains classified them as G1-P[6]-I1-R1-C1-M1-A1-N1-T1-E1-H1, G9-P[4]-I2-R2-C2-[M1-M2_R]-[A1-A2_R]-N2-T2-E6-H2 and G9-[P4-P6_R]-I1-R1-C1-M1-A1-N1-T1-E1-H1. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the structural and non-structural genes of these unusual RVA strains showed nucleotide/amino acid identities of 82.3–98.5 %/77.3–99.8 % and 86.6–97.6 %/89.6–97.8 % between the strains of the study. Evidence of recombination events was found within the genes encoding VP3, VP4 and NSP1, which showed a combination of genetic information for genogroup 1 [M1/P[6]/A1] and genogroup 2 [M2/P[4]/A2] strains. This study will facilitate future investigations into the molecular pathogenesis of such RVAs as the exchange of whole or partial genetic material between rotaviruses through recombination contributes directly to their diversification, adaptation and evolution.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Rotavirus G9P[4], G9P[6] and G1P[6] strains isolated from children with acute gastroenteritis in Pune, western India, 2013–2015: evidence for recombination in genes encoding VP3, VP4 and NSP1

Tatte

Maran

Walimbe

et al. 2019

Journal of General Virology

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“…In addition, the RT-qPCR assay may be a useful alternative for the differential diagnosis of RV in possible coexisting mixed infections clinically indistinguishable such as those caused by other viral strains that cause gastroenteritis such as: astrovirus, coronavirus, picobirnavirus, calicivirus, among others as observed in the studies of Jing et al [60] and Waruhiu et al [61].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rotavirus A in wild and domestic animals from areas with environmental degradation in the Brazilian Amazon

et al. 2018

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Acute gastroenteritis is one of the main causes of mortality in humans and young animals. Domestic and mainly wild animals such as bats, small rodents and birds are highly diversified animals in relation to their habitats and ecological niches and are widely distributed geographically in environments of forest fragmentation in some areas of the Amazon, being considered important sources for viruses that affect humans and other animals. Due to the anthropical activities, these animals changed their natural habitat and adapted to urbanized environments, thus representing risks to human and animal health. Although the knowledge of the global diversity of enteric viruses is scarce, there are reports demonstrating the detection of rotavirus in domestic animals and animals of productive systems, such as bovines and pigs. The present study investigated the prevalence of Rotavirus A in 648 fecal samples of different animal species from the northeastern mesoregion of the state of Pará, Brazil, which is characterized as an urbanized area with forest fragments. The fecal specimens were collected from October 2014 to April 2016 and subjected to a Qualitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR), using the NSP3 gene as a target. It was observed that 27.5% (178/648) of the samples presented positive results for RVA, with 178 samples distributed in birds (23.6%), canines (21.35%), chiropterans (17.98%), bovines (14.6%), horses (8.43%), small rodents (6.74%), pigs (3.93%) and felines (3.37%), demonstrating the circulation of RVA in domestic animals and suggesting that such proximity could cause transmissions between different species and the occurrence of rearrangements in the genome of RVA as already described in the literature, associated to the traces of environmental degradation in the studied areas.

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“…Nevertheless, unusual RVA genotypes have been frequently detected, such as: G3[P6], G12[P6], G8P[4], and G8P[6] and more recently the equine-like G3P[8] [ 17 , 23 , 24 ]. Similarly, recent studies from other countries have reported the detection of rare RVA genotype combination [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Rotavirus A in Brazil: Molecular Epidemiology and Surveillance during 2018–2019

et al. 2020

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Rotavirus A (RVA) vaccines succeeded in lowering the burden of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) worldwide, especially preventing severe disease and mortality. In 2019, Brazil completed 13 years of RVA vaccine implementation (Rotarix™) within the National Immunization Program (NIP), and as reported elsewhere, the use of Rotarix™ in the country has reduced childhood mortality and morbidity due to AGE. Even though both marketed vaccines are widely distributed, the surveillance of RVA causing AGE and the monitoring of circulating genotypes are important tools to keep tracking the epidemiological scenario and vaccines impact. Thus, our study investigated RVA epidemiological features, viral load and G and P genotypes circulation in children and adults presenting AGE symptoms in eleven states from three out of five regions in Brazil. By using TaqMan®-based one-step RT-qPCR, we investigated a total of 1536 stool samples collected from symptomatic inpatients, emergency department visits and outpatients from January 2018 to December 2019. G and P genotypes of RVA-positive samples were genetically characterized by multiplex RT-PCR or by nearly complete fragment sequencing. We detected RVA in 12% of samples, 10.5% in 2018 and 13.7% in 2019. A marked winter/spring seasonality was observed, especially in Southern Brazil. The most affected age group was children aged >24–60 months, with a positivity rate of 18.8% (p < 0.05). Evaluating shedding, we found a statistically lower RVA viral load in stool samples collected from children aged up to six months compared to the other age groups (p < 0.05). The genotype G3P[8] was the most prevalent during the two years (83.7% in 2018 and 65.5% in 2019), and nucleotide sequencing of some strains demonstrated that they belonged to the emergent equine-like G3P[8] genotype. The dominance of an emergent genotype causing AGE reinforces the need for continuous epidemiological surveillance to assess the impact of mass RVA immunization as well as to monitor the emergence of novel genotypes.

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A G3P[13] porcine group A rotavirus emerging in China is a reassortant and a natural recombinant in the VP4 gene

Cited by 18 publications

References 79 publications

Rotavirus G9P[4], G9P[6] and G1P[6] strains isolated from children with acute gastroenteritis in Pune, western India, 2013–2015: evidence for recombination in genes encoding VP3, VP4 and NSP1

Rotavirus G9P[4], G9P[6] and G1P[6] strains isolated from children with acute gastroenteritis in Pune, western India, 2013–2015: evidence for recombination in genes encoding VP3, VP4 and NSP1

Rotavirus A in wild and domestic animals from areas with environmental degradation in the Brazilian Amazon

Rotavirus A in Brazil: Molecular Epidemiology and Surveillance during 2018–2019

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