“…Our approach can be abstracted as a 5-tuple <B, δ, P, θ, φ>, where 2 ,…,b n } is a set of online auction bidders; 2. δ: B [0, 1] is a scoring function. Every online auction bidder has a shilling score, and δ(b i ) is defined as the shilling score for bidder i; 3.…”