A Fractional Order Power System Stabilizer Applied on a Small-Scale Generation System

Abstract

In this paper, a Fractional Order Power System controller (FOPSS) is designed, and its performance and robustness are experimentally evaluated by tests in a 10 kVA laboratory scale power system. The FOPSS design methodology is based on the tuning of an additional design variable, namely the fractional order of the controller transfer function. This design variable is tuned aiming to obtain a tradeoff between satisfactory damping of dominant oscillating mode and improved closed-loop system robustness. For controller synthesis, transfer function models were estimated from data collected at selected operating points and subsequently applied for the controller design and for obtaining upper bounds estimates on the operating-point depends on plant uncertainties. The experimental results show that the FOPPS was able to obtain a robust performance for the considered set of the power system operating conditions.

A Survey on FOPID Controllers for LFO Damping in Power Systems Using Synchronous Generators, FACTS Devices and Inverter-Based Power Plants

“…High flexibility in design and robustness against system uncertainties, especially in non-linear systems, are the most important advantages of the FOPID controller [19,53,56]. The fractional differential equation of this type of controller is as follows [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]:…”

“…Moreover, λ and δ display the fractional orders of integrals and derivatives. The block diagram of the FOPID controller has been shown in Figure 3A [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. As depicted in Figure 3B, the FOPID controller extends the PID controller from a point to a plane [20].…”

“…In the studies, the proposed controllers have been used as power oscillation damping controllers (PODCs). One of these types of controllers is the fractional-order proportional-integral-derivative (FOPID) controller [19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. Conventional PODCs, although easy to set up and install, with industrial applications, have many problems and challenges.…”

Investigação De Técnicas De Controle De Ordem Fracionária, Aplicadas Á Regulação De Tensão E Estabilidade Dinâmica a Pequenos Sinais

“…O regulador automático de tensão (RAT) é um dos componentes importantes do sistema de excitação, este forma a realimentação de controle entre o gerador principal e os elementos que controlam a excitação do gerador. Os componentes eletrônicos requerem baixos níveis de potência e observam se a tensão terminal do gerador está de acordo com a referência desejada, e caso haja variação, é porque a potência ativa e a corrente de saída do gerador estão variando, assim, o RAT atua aumentando ou diminuindo a corrente de campo do gerador [1].Outro controlador componente do sistema elétrico de potência é o Estabilizador de Sistemas de Potência (ESP), que é um controlador auxiliar que é inserido na malha de regulação de tensão, atua enviando um sinal auxiliar para o amortecimento de oscilações quando ocorrem variações na potência elétrica do gerador síncrono conectado ao sistema elétrico[1].Este trabalho, visa realizar em ambiente computacional para o amortecimento de oscilações eletromecânicas de um gerador síncrono apresentado em [2], utilizando controladores ESP projetado a partir de metodologias de ordem fracionária, também denominado FOPSS (Fractional Order Power System Stabilizer), que será sintonizado baseado no modelo de um sistema de potência em escala reduzida apresentado em [3]. Os resultados da inserção do FOPSS serão comparados a uma técnica clássica de sintonia de controladores ESP apresentado no artigo seminal de Larsen e Swann (1981) [4].…”

Experimental Implementation of Hydraulic Turbine Dynamics and a Fractional Order Speed Governor Controller on a Small-Scale Power System

“…In the best knowledge of the authors, the literature presents a lack due to few works performing an experimental investigation of the fractional order controllers applied in power system testbeds. In [28], a practical application of fractionalorder controllers in a hydrogeneration system is investigated, where a fractional order Power System Stabilizer (PSS) was designed to damp the electromechanical oscillation mode that has low damped and may cause undesired oscillations and may evolve to instability of the system. The practical tests were carried out in six operations points, presenting an enhancement in the performance behavior of the behavior of the 10 kVA small-scale.…”