A focused review on technologies, mechanisms, safety, and efficacy of available COVID-19 vaccines

Ghasemiyeh, Parisa; Mohammadi-Samani, Soliman; Firouzabadi, Negar; Dehshahri, Ali; Vazin, Afsaneh

doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108162

Cited by 77 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 136 publications

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“…A proper assessment of the e ciency of the used vaccines has been addressed by serology surveys using our developed in-house ELISA. As far as when humoral immune responses are considered, and when only vaccine recipients were not previously infected with SARS-CoV-2, it seems that mRNA vaccine of P zer/BioNTech have shown a higher e cacy compared to inactivated virus vaccines, similar to what has been reported elsewhere [5]. For the other surveyed vaccine platforms, the enrolled COVID-19 naïf recipients are rather low and robust interpretations cannot be driven.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Although the introduction of Covid-19 vaccines contributed to decrease the burden of the disease in many parts of the world, new cases have increased signi cantly in many countries in both vaccinated and nonvaccinated populations due to the emergence of new variants [5]. In order to prevent new ongoing SARS-CoV-2 variants, massive vaccination of people around the world should be accomplished as early as possible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to prevent new ongoing SARS-CoV-2 variants, massive vaccination of people around the world should be accomplished as early as possible. In addition, it seems that mRNA vaccines including P zer/BioNTech and Moderna have shown higher e cacy and protection against COVID-19 infection [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of an in-house Quantitative ELISA for the Evaluation of Different Covid-19 Vaccines in Human

Gdoura

Ghaloum

Hamida

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Purpose: Reliable serological assays are needed to understand the real impact of COVID-19. In order to compare the efficiency of different COVID-19 vaccines used in the National Vaccination Program in Tunisia, we have developed a quantitative in-house ELISA. Methods: The ELISA is based on the ectodomain of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Baculovirus recombinant protein. We have used a panel of 145 COVID-19 RT-PCR positive serum samples and 116 pre-pandemic serum samples as a negative panel. The validation was carried out by comparison to four commercial techniques (Vidas® SARS-CoV-2 IgG anti-RBD Biomérieux®, Elecsys® Anti-Nucleocapsid of SARS-CoV-2 Roche®, cPass® GenScript® and the quantitative Elecsys® Anti-RBD of SARS-CoV-2, Roche®). For the evaluation of the National Vaccination campaign, we have included 115 recipients of one of the different used vaccines.Results: The qualitative performances of the developed ELISA gave 96% sensitivity, 97.5% specificity and 0.968 accuracy. For the evaluation of the different brand of vaccines in recipients not previously infected with SARS-CoV-2, it seems that mRNA vaccine of Pfizer/BioNTech has shown a higher efficacy compared to inactivated virus vaccines. COVID-19 convalescent individuals have generated poor antibody responses. Nevertheless, when they are vaccinated with any brand of the COVID-19 vaccines, many of them mounted an exponential increase of the induced immune responses, qualified as a “hybrid vigor immunity”.Conclusion: Our developed in-house ELISA seems to be very efficient in evaluating the effectiveness of anti-COVID-19 vaccination. Platforms based on mRNA vaccine are better performing than that based on inactivated virus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Development of an in-house Quantitative ELISA for the Evaluation of Different Covid-19 Vaccines in Human

Gdoura

Ghaloum

Hamida

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In many recent studies , mathematical epidemiological modelling is used to predominantly develop mass-action models and suitable tools for analyzing COVID-19 dynamics [5] , [6] , [7] , [8] , [9] , [10] , [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] . Different mathematical models are used for this purpose as the transmission rates and virus behaviour depend on individuals' precautionary measures, daily vaccination rates, and vaccination efficiencies [15] , [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] , [20] , [21] . In [5] , [6] , a complete analysis of the actual number of deaths due to COVID-19 was studied by the authors using a new class of probability density functions and the exponentiated transformation of the Gumbel type-II distribution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractional stochastic modelling of COVID-19 under wide spread of vaccinations: Egyptian case study

Omar¹,

Elbarkouky²,

Ahmed³

2022

Alexandria Engineering Journal

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This work predicts the dynamics of the COVID-19 under widespread vaccination to anticipate the virus's current and future waves. We focused on establishing two population-based models for predictions: the fractional-order model and the fractional-order stochastic model. Based on dose efficacy, which is one of the main imposed assumptions in our study, some vaccinated people will probably be exposed to infection by the same viral wave. We validated the generated models by applying them to the current viral wave in Egypt. We assumed that the Egyptian current wave began on 10 th September 2021. Using current actual data and varying our models’ fractional orders, we generate different predicted wave scenarios. The numerical solution of our models is obtained using the fractional Euler method and the fractional Euler Maruyama method. At the end, we compared the current predicted wave under a high vaccination rate with the previous viral wave. Through this comparison, the vaccination control effect is quantified.

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“…Moreover, pDNA vectors can stimulate humoral and cellular immune responses to a specific antigen, allowing for the development of DNA vaccination [5]. This was recently in the spotlight, with several DNA vaccines being developed against SARS-CoV-2 [6,7]. Although most of them are still in clinical trials, one plasmid-based vaccine for COVID-19 was recently approved in India [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Initial Screening of Poly(ethylene glycol) Amino Ligands for Affinity Purification of Plasmid DNA in Aqueous Two-Phase Systems

Silva

Jorge

Martins

et al. 2021

Life

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Gene therapy and DNA vaccination are among the most expected biotechnological and medical advances for the coming years. However, the lack of cost-effective large-scale production and purification of pharmaceutical-grade plasmid DNA (pDNA) still hampers their wide application. Downstream processing, which is mainly chromatography-based, of pDNA remains the key manufacturing step. Despite its high resolution, the scaling-up of chromatography is usually difficult and presents low capacity, resulting in low yields. Alternative methods that are based on aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs) have been studied. Although higher yields may be obtained, its selectivity is often low. In this work, modified polymers based on poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) derivatisation with amino groups (PEG–amine) or conjugation with positively charged amino acids (PEG–lysine, PEG–arginine, and PEG–histidine) were studied to increase the selectivity of PEG–dextran systems towards the partition of a model plasmid. A two-step strategy was employed to obtain suitable pure formulations of pDNA. In the first step, a PEG–dextran system with the addition of the affinity ligand was used with the recovery of the pDNA in the PEG-rich phase. Then, the pDNA was re-extracted to an ammonium-sulphate-rich phase in the second step. After removing the salt, this method yielded a purified preparation of pDNA without RNA and protein contamination.

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A focused review on technologies, mechanisms, safety, and efficacy of available COVID-19 vaccines

Cited by 77 publications

References 136 publications

Development of an in-house Quantitative ELISA for the Evaluation of Different Covid-19 Vaccines in Human

Development of an in-house Quantitative ELISA for the Evaluation of Different Covid-19 Vaccines in Human

Fractional stochastic modelling of COVID-19 under wide spread of vaccinations: Egyptian case study

Initial Screening of Poly(ethylene glycol) Amino Ligands for Affinity Purification of Plasmid DNA in Aqueous Two-Phase Systems

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