A cucurbit androecy gene reveals how unisexual flowers develop and dioecy emerges

Boualem, Adnane; Troadec, Christelle; Camps, Carlos; Lemhemdi, Afef; Morin, Halima; Sari, Marie-Agnès; Fraenkel-Zagouri, Rina; Kovalski, Irina; Dogimont, Catherine; Perl‐Treves, Rafael; Bendahmane, Abdelhafid

doi:10.1126/science.aac8370

Cited by 224 publications

(277 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Our results suggest that some floral development genes and phytohormones (mainly GA and JA) likely coordinate to modulate sex expression in J. curcas . It is worth mentioning that the expression levels of homologs of several well-known sex determination genes, such as CsACS in cucumber (Li et al, 2009), and CmACS and CmWIP1 in melon (Boualem et al, 2015), were not significantly different between monoecious and gynoecious plants, indicating that the mechanism of sex determination in cucumber and melon is different from that in J. curcas .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The activation of CmWIP1 by promoter methylation results in the transition from male to female flowers in gynoecious plants (Martin et al, 2009). CmACS-11 , encoding a key enzyme of ETH biosynthesis, represses CmWIP1 expression, and CmACS-11 loss-of-function mutation lead to the transition from monoecious to androecious individuals (Boualem et al, 2015). CmACS-11, CmWIP1 , and CmACS-7 coregulate sex determination in melon.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative Transcriptome Analysis between Gynoecious and Monoecious Plants Identifies Regulatory Networks Controlling Sex Determination in Jatropha curcas

Chen

Pan

et al. 2017

Front. Plant Sci.

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Most germplasms of the biofuel plant Jatropha curcas are monoecious. A gynoecious genotype of J. curcas was found, whose male flowers are aborted at early stage of inflorescence development. To investigate the regulatory mechanism of transition from monoecious to gynoecious plants, a comparative transcriptome analysis between gynoecious and monoecious inflorescences were performed. A total of 3,749 genes differentially expressed in two developmental stages of inflorescences were identified. Among them, 32 genes were involved in floral development, and 70 in phytohormone biosynthesis and signaling pathways. Six genes homologous to KNOTTED1-LIKE HOMEOBOX GENE 6 (KNAT6), MYC2, SHI-RELATED SEQUENCE 5 (SRS5), SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE (SVP), TERMINAL FLOWER 1 (TFL1), and TASSELSEED2 (TS2), which control floral development, were considered as candidate regulators that may be involved in sex differentiation in J. curcas. Abscisic acid, auxin, gibberellin, and jasmonate biosynthesis were lower, whereas cytokinin biosynthesis was higher in gynoecious than that in monoecious inflorescences. Moreover, the exogenous application of gibberellic acid (GA3) promoted perianth development in male flowers and partly prevented pistil development in female flowers to generate neutral flowers in gynoecious inflorescences. The arrest of stamen primordium at early development stage probably causes the abortion of male flowers to generate gynoecious individuals. These results suggest that some floral development genes and phytohormone signaling pathways orchestrate the process of sex determination in J. curcas. Our study provides a basic framework for the regulation networks of sex determination in J. curcas and will be helpful for elucidating the evolution of the plant reproductive system.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Transcriptome Analysis between Gynoecious and Monoecious Plants Identifies Regulatory Networks Controlling Sex Determination in Jatropha curcas

Chen

Pan

et al. 2017

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…Cucurbitaceae have continued to serve as a model analyzed for important genetic traits in plants. A good example is the analysis of sex determination in plants that has recently been reported (Martin et al, 2009;Boualem et al, 2015). From a molecular point of view, cucurbits display a number of interesting features.…”

Section: Examples Of Genomic Approaches For Plant Breeding the Case mentioning

confidence: 99%

European Union needs agro-bioeconomy

Twardowski

Aguilar²,

Puigdomènech³

et al. 2017

bta

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Bioeconomy, biotechnology and genetically-modified organisms in particular have been the subject of discussion for a long time. Biotechnology is applied in a variety of economic areas which include biopharmaceuticals, biobased products and agriculture. During the last 20 years, innovative biotechnological techniques for plant genome improvement have been developed. Many factors worldwide have led to the status quo : different legislations around the world, the lack of public acceptance in the EU and high expectations for new strategies for sustainability and food security. Therefore, a clear regulatory status for new techniques is crucial for research and development, as well as for their practical implementation. This should be based on solid science which plays a critical role in developing the bioeconomy.

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“…Many are important crops, such as cucumber, that frequently serve as model plants for studying hormonal regulation of reproductive development (Pimenta Lange et al, 2012;Boualem et al, 2015). Sex determination and flower development are largely under the control of the plant hormones ethylene and GA, respectively (Cheng et al, 2004;Griffiths et al, 2006;Achard et al, 2007;van Doorn and Kamdee, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ovary-derived precursor gibberellin A9 is essential for female flower development in cucumber

Lange

2016

Development

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Gibberellins (GAs) are hormones that control many aspects of plant development, including flowering. It is well known that stamen is the source of GAs that regulate male and bisexual flower development. However, little is known about the role of GAs in female flower development. In cucumber, high levels of GA precursors are present in ovaries and high levels of bioactive GA 4 are identified in sepals/ petals, reflecting the expression of GA 20-oxidase and 3-oxidase in these organs, respectively. Here, we show that the biologically inactive precursor GA 9 moves from ovaries to sepal/petal tissues where it is converted to the bioactive GA 4 necessary for female flower development. Transient expression of a catabolic GA 2-oxidase from pumpkin in cucumber ovaries decreases GA 9 and GA 4 levels and arrests the development of female flowers, and this can be restored by application of GA 9 to petals thus confirming its function. Given that bioactive GAs can promote sex reversion of female flowers, movement of biologically inactive precursors, instead of the hormone itself, might help to maintain floral organ identity, ensuring fruit and seed production.

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A cucurbit androecy gene reveals how unisexual flowers develop and dioecy emerges

Cited by 224 publications

References 24 publications

Comparative Transcriptome Analysis between Gynoecious and Monoecious Plants Identifies Regulatory Networks Controlling Sex Determination in Jatropha curcas

Comparative Transcriptome Analysis between Gynoecious and Monoecious Plants Identifies Regulatory Networks Controlling Sex Determination in Jatropha curcas

European Union needs agro-bioeconomy

Ovary-derived precursor gibberellin A9 is essential for female flower development in cucumber

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