A cross-sectional survey on sleep quality, mental health, and academic performance among medical students in Saudi Arabia

Al-Khani, Abdullah Murhaf; Sarhandi, Muhammad Ishaque; Zaghloul, Mohamed; Ewid, Mohammed; Saquib, Nazmus

doi:10.1186/s13104-019-4713-2

Cited by 128 publications

(167 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…Medical students are especially prone to poor sleep quality because of the physically and emotionally challenging and intense training they undertake ( Wong et al, 2005 ). Poor sleep affects neurocognitive and psychomotor performance, emotional wellbeing, working capacity, academic performance, physical and mental health as well as quality of life ( Al-Khani et al, 2019 ; Flores, 2009 ; Giri, Baviskar & Phalke, 2013 ; Mume, Olawale & Osundina, 2011 ). Due to lockdown measures and travel restrictions, students are facing decreased physical activity, lack of schedule, altered living conditions, increased screen time and time spent in social media, and altered sleep wake schedule including increased daytime nap duration ( Majumdar, Biswas & Sahu, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of COVID-19 outbreak on the mental health status of undergraduate medical students in a COVID-19 treating medical college: a prospective longitudinal study

Ilango¹,

Jayakumar

Kumar³

et al. 2020

PeerJ

563

348

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Background The COVID-19 pandemic is found to affect the mental health of the population. Undergraduate medical students are especially prone to mental health disorders and hence could be more vulnerable to the impact of the pandemic. Methods A prospective longitudinal study was conducted on 217 undergraduate medical students in a medical college at Chennai, India. Depression, anxiety, and stress levels were recorded using Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21 Items (DASS21) before and during the COVID-19 outbreak in India in December 2019 and June 2020, respectively. In the follow-up survey, in addition to DASS21, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index to assess sleep quality and a self-administered questionnaire to assess the impact of COVID-19 related stressors were used. The self-administered questionnaire assessed the status of COVID-19 testing, interactions with COVID-19 patients, self-perceived levels of concerns and worries related to academics (COVID-19-AA (academic apprehensions)) and those pertaining to the self and family/friends (COVID-19-GA (general apprehensions)). Cross-sectional and longitudinal comparison of overall scores of depression, anxiety, and stress and scores stratified by gender, year of study, place of residence and monthly family income were performed. Predictors for depression, anxiety, and stress during COVID-19 were investigated using adjusted binary logistic regression analysis and results were expressed as adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval (CI). A P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The average scores of depression, anxiety, and stress during the baseline survey were 7.55 ± 7.86, 4.6 ± 6.19 and 7.31 ± 7.34 with the prevalence (95% Cl) of 33.2% [27–39.9%], 21.2% [16–27.2%] and 20.7% [15.5–26.7%]; in follow-up survey, the mean scores were 8.16 ± 8.9, 6.11 ± 7.13 and 9.31 ± 8.18 with the prevalence being 35.5% [29.1–42.2%], 33.2% [27–39.9%] and 24.9% [19.3–31.2%] for depression, anxiety, and stress respectively. There was a significant increase in both the prevalence and levels of anxiety and stress (P < 0.001), with depression remaining unchanged during COVID-19, irrespective of gender, year of study, place of residence and family’s monthly income. Poor sleep quality, higher levels of baseline depression, anxiety, and stress, higher COVID-19-GA, COVID-19 patients in family/friends and direct interactions with COVID-19 patients were found to be significant predictors of negative mental health in undergraduate medical students. COVID-19-AA was not significantly associated with depression, anxiety, and stress. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic appears to negatively affect the mental health of the undergraduate medical students with the prevalence and levels of anxiety and stress being increased, and depression symptoms remaining unaltered. Addressing and mitigating the negative effect of COVID-19 on the mental health of this population is crucial.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of COVID-19 outbreak on the mental health status of undergraduate medical students in a COVID-19 treating medical college: a prospective longitudinal study

Ilango¹,

Jayakumar

Kumar³

et al. 2020

PeerJ

563

348

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“…These studies have shown a very high prevalence of poor sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, and insomnia. [11][12][13][14][15] A study conducted among 2,095 adults in Riyadh showed that one in every three Saudi adults is suffering from short sleep duration of less than 7 hours per night. 16 Another study strongly related short sleep duration among Saudi adolescents to an increased risk of overweight and obesity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Association Between Sleep Quality and Physical Activity in Saudi Arabian University Students</p>

Mahfouz¹,

Ali²,

Bahari³

et al. 2020

NSS

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Background: Many studies have documented a strong association between poor sleep quality and physical inactivity. This study evaluates the association between poor sleep quality and physical inactivity among Jazan University students in Saudi Arabia. Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate students at Jazan University. Cluster random sampling was used to select 440 students. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) were utilized for data collection. Results: According to the PSQI results, the majority of respondents (63.9%; n = 281) reported having poor sleep quality. The majority of students (62.7%; n = 276) were also physically inactive. Based on DASS-21 criteria, the majority of students (53.4%) were stressed. Sleep quality differed significantly according to participants' physical activity status (p = 0.0090). Among physically active participants, 43.9% reported having good sleep quality. Sleep duration, daytime dysfunctions, and global PSQI differed significantly according to levels of physical activity (p < 0.05 for all). Univariate analysis revealed that being physically active was significantly associated with good sleep quality (OR = 1.70, 95% CI 1.14-2.54, p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression models also demonstrated a significant association between physical activity and good sleep quality (OR = 1.72, 95% CI 1.15-2.56, p = 0.008). Conclusion: The majority of Jazan University students had poor sleep quality and were physically inactive. Evidence-based prevention and therapeutic strategies are needed to promote physical activity among university students.

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“…Medical students are especially prone to poor sleep quality because of the physically and emotionally challenging and intense training they undertake (Wong et al 2005). Poor sleep affects neurocognitive and psychomotor performance, emotional wellbeing, working capacity, academic performance, physical and mental health as well as quality of life (Al-Khani et al 2019;Flores 2009;Giri et al 2013;Mume et al 2011). Due to lockdown measures and travel restrictions, students are facing decreased physical activity, lack of schedule, altered living conditions, increased screen time and time spent in social media, and altered sleep wake schedule including increased daytime nap duration (Majumdar et al 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Review #1 of "Impact of COVID-19 outbreak on the mental health status of undergraduate medical students in a COVID-19 treating medical college: a prospective longitudinal study (v0.1)"

Cao

2020

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Background. COVID-19 pandemic is found to affect the mental health of the population. Undergraduate medical students are especially prone to mental health disorders and hence could be more vulnerable to the impact of the pandemic. Methods. A prospective longitudinal study was conducted on 217 undergraduate medical students in a medical college at Chennai, India. Depression, anxiety, and stress levels were recorded using Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21 Items (DASS21) before and during COVID-19 outbreak in India in December 2019 and June 2020 respectively. In the follow-up survey, in addition to DASS21, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index to assess sleep quality and a self-administered questionnaire to assess the impact of COVID-19 related stressors were used. The self administered questionnaire assessed the status of COVID-19 testing, interactions with COVID-19 patients, self-perceived levels of concerns and worries related to academics [COVID-19-AA (academic apprehensions)] and those pertaining to the self and family/friends [COVID-19-GA (general apprehensions)]. Cross-sectional and longitudinal comparison of overall scores of depression, anxiety, and stress and scores stratified by gender, year of study, place of residence and monthly family income were performed. Predictors for depression, anxiety, and stress during COVID-19 were investigated using adjusted binary logistic regression analysis and results were expressed as adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval (CI). A P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

show abstract

A cross-sectional survey on sleep quality, mental health, and academic performance among medical students in Saudi Arabia

Cited by 128 publications

References 18 publications

Impact of COVID-19 outbreak on the mental health status of undergraduate medical students in a COVID-19 treating medical college: a prospective longitudinal study

Impact of COVID-19 outbreak on the mental health status of undergraduate medical students in a COVID-19 treating medical college: a prospective longitudinal study

<p>Association Between Sleep Quality and Physical Activity in Saudi Arabian University Students</p>

Peer Review #1 of "Impact of COVID-19 outbreak on the mental health status of undergraduate medical students in a COVID-19 treating medical college: a prospective longitudinal study (v0.1)"

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