A counterbalanced version of Ainsworth's Strange Situation Procedure reveals secure-base effects in dog–human relationships

Palmer, R N; Custance, Deborah M.

doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2007.04.002

Cited by 149 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The application of Ainsworth’s Strange Situation Test (SST), a measure originally designed to assess attachment of human infants to their mothers, has revealed several distinct attachment patterns in dogs 16. This procedure has been used extensively to gauge canine attachment to humans,76,77 with some authors proposing, by extrapolation, that the dog’s behavior during the SST is a reflection of the bond it has developed with its owner 19. Interestingly, human behavior during the SST has been shown to influence dog behavior and cortisol concentrations 78.…”

Section: Tools and Methods To Measure The Dog–human Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current perspectives on attachment and bonding in the dog–human dyad

Payne

Bennett

McGreevy

2015

PRBM

192

149

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This article reviews recent research concerning dog–human relationships and how attributes that arise from them can be measured. It highlights the influence of human characteristics on dog behavior, and consequently, the dog–human bond. Of particular importance are the influences of human attitudes and personality. These themes have received surprisingly little attention from researchers. Identifying human attributes that contribute to successful dog–human relationships could assist in the development of a behavioral template to ensure dyadic potential is optimized. Additionally, this article reveals how dyadic functionality and working performance may not necessarily be mutually inclusive. Potential underpinnings of various dog–human relationships and how these may influence dogs’ perceptions of their handlers are also discussed. The article considers attachment bonds between humans and dogs, how these may potentially clash with or complement each other, and the effects of different bonds on the dog–human dyad as a whole. We review existing tools designed to measure the dog–human bond and offer potential refinements to improve their accuracy. Positive attitudes and affiliative interactions seem to contribute to the enhanced well-being of both species, as reflected in resultant physiological changes. Thus, promoting positive dog–human relationships would capitalize on these benefits, thereby improving animal welfare. Finally, this article proposes future research directions that may assist in disambiguating what constitutes successful bonding between dogs and the humans in their lives.

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Section: Tools and Methods To Measure The Dog–human Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current perspectives on attachment and bonding in the dog–human dyad

Payne

Bennett

McGreevy

2015

PRBM

192

149

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“…When dogs socialized with humans were given the choice between interacting with another dog and a human, dogs often preferred social interaction and proximity with the human (Tuber, Sanders, Hennessy, & Miller, 1996). test which type of attachment animals have developed toward their human caregivers (e.g., Marinelli, Adamelli, Normando, & Bono, 2007;Palmer & Custance, 2008;Topal et al, 2005). More re cently, Zilcha-Mano et al (201 la) directly applied Bowlby's psy chological attachment taxonomy and developed the Pet Attach ment Questionnaire, which assesses attachment anxiety and avoidance.…”

Section: Contacts With Animals Across the Life Spanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward a psychology of human–animal relations.

Amiot¹,

Bastian²

2015

Psychological Bulletin

276

202

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Nonhuman animals are ubiquitous to human life, and permeate a diversity of social contexts by providing humans with food and clothing, serving as participants in research, improving healing, and offering entertainment, leisure, and companionship. Despite the impact that animals have on human lives and vice versa, the field of psychology has barely touched upon the topic of human-animal relations as an important domain of human activity. We review the current state of research on human-animal relations, showing how this body of work has implications for a diverse range of psychological themes including evolutionary processes, development, normative factors, gender and individual differences, health and therapy, and intergroup relations. Our aim is to highlight human-animal relations as a domain of human life that merits theoretical and empirical attention from psychology as a discipline.

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“…Dogs are gifted at attending to, and interpreting, subtle human social cues (Lakatos et al , 2012; Merola et al , 2012; Müller et al , 2015), and a behavioral literature suggests that dogs act as if socially attached to humans (Topál et al , 1998; Palmer and Custance, 2008; although see: Prato-Previde et al , 2003; Rehn et al , 2013). Despite this, the motivations behind dog behavior toward humans can be difficult to disentangle from behavior alone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Awake canine fMRI predicts dogs’ preference for praisevsfood

Cook¹,

Prichard²,

Spivak³

et al. 2016

Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci

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Dogs are hypersocial with humans, and their integration into human social ecology makes dogs a unique model for studying cross-species social bonding. However, the proximal neural mechanisms driving dog–human social interaction are unknown. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging in 15 awake dogs to probe the neural basis for their preferences for social interaction and food reward. In a first experiment, we used the ventral caudate as a measure of intrinsic reward value and compared activation to conditioned stimuli that predicted food, praise or nothing. Relative to the control stimulus, the caudate was significantly more active to the reward-predicting stimuli and showed roughly equal or greater activation to praise vs food in 13 of 15 dogs. To confirm that these differences were driven by the intrinsic value of social praise, we performed a second imaging experiment in which the praise was withheld on a subset of trials. The difference in caudate activation to the receipt of praise, relative to its withholding, was strongly correlated with the differential activation to the conditioned stimuli in the first experiment. In a third experiment, we performed an out-of-scanner choice task in which the dog repeatedly selected food or owner in a Y-maze. The relative caudate activation to food- and praise-predicting stimuli in Experiment 1 was a strong predictor of each dog’s sequence of choices in the Y-maze. Analogous to similar neuroimaging studies of individual differences in human social reward, our findings demonstrate a neural mechanism for preference in domestic dogs that is stable within, but variable between, individuals. Moreover, the individual differences in the caudate responses indicate the potentially higher value of social than food reward for some dogs and may help to explain the apparent efficacy of social interaction in dog training.

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A counterbalanced version of Ainsworth's Strange Situation Procedure reveals secure-base effects in dog–human relationships

Cited by 149 publications

References 11 publications

Current perspectives on attachment and bonding in the dog–human dyad

Current perspectives on attachment and bonding in the dog–human dyad

Toward a psychology of human–animal relations.

Awake canine fMRI predicts dogs’ preference for praisevsfood

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A counterbalanced version of Ainsworth's Strange Situation Procedure reveals secure-base effects in dog–human relationships

Cited by 149 publications

References 11 publications

Current perspectives on attachment and bonding in the dog&ndash;human dyad

Current perspectives on attachment and bonding in the dog&ndash;human dyad

Toward a psychology of human–animal relations.

Awake canine fMRI predicts dogs’ preference for praisevsfood

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Current perspectives on attachment and bonding in the dog–human dyad

Current perspectives on attachment and bonding in the dog–human dyad