A convenient method for the synthesis of cyclic polymers by ATRP

Chen, Han Jia; Yan, Tao; Shi, Xu Hua; Yu, Ri Wen

doi:10.1007/s10965-012-9987-1

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The authors coupled these three cyclic polymers to yield tricyclic miktoarm star polymers by a combination of Cu(0)-mediated polymerization, azide alkyne click chemistry, and nitroxide radical coupling. Complex morphologies containing cyclic polymers have been prepared, including quatrefoil-shaped star-cyclic polymer, tadpole-shaped linear cyclic diblock copolymers, , multicyclic polymers, , cyclic triblock , and diblock copolymers, and others, − to generate micelles and other structures. ,, Others have also demonstrated cyclization of ATRP polymers using Diels–Alder cycloaddition, , ring-closing metathesis, radical trap coupling, atom transfer radical cross coupling, , nucleophilic esterification, and amidation chemistries.…”

Section: Building Soft Nanomaterials Via Copper-mediated Polymerizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Complex morphologies containing cyclic polymers have been prepared, including quatrefoil-shaped star-cyclic polymer, 690 tadpole-shaped linear cyclic diblock copolymers, 691,692 multicyclic polymers, 693,694 cyclic triblock 693,694 and diblock copolymers, 695 generate micelles and other structures. 582,699,700 Others have also demonstrated cyclization of ATRP polymers using Diels− Alder cycloaddition, 701,702 ring-closing metathesis, 703 radical trap coupling, 704 atom transfer radical cross coupling, 705,706 nucleophilic esterification, 707 and amidation 708 chemistries. 3.9.2.…”

Section: Chemical Reviewsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Copper-Mediated Living Radical Polymerization (Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization and Copper(0) Mediated Polymerization): From Fundamentals to Bioapplications

et al. 2015

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Section: Building Soft Nanomaterials Via Copper-mediated Polymerizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chemical Reviewsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copper-Mediated Living Radical Polymerization (Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization and Copper(0) Mediated Polymerization): From Fundamentals to Bioapplications

et al. 2015

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“…Van Gieson stain and Periodic Acid-Schiff stain (PAS) were used for histochemical examination to organize collagen fiber deposition and extracellular matrix production on days 1, 3, and 7 of the healing periods for all groups that were looked at. The slides stained with Van Gieson stain were examined using a light microscope and with the aid of Image J version 1.8 [11] by following the steps: Measurements were made at the intensity of blue, which represents the collagen density. Collagen density was measured under the wound area compared to the normal area at 100 magnifications.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acceleration of Ulcer Healing by Local Application of Myrrh Oil: An Experimental Study

Abed,

Al- Ghaban

2023

amj

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Background: Oral mucosa refers to the mucous membrane that lines the tissues within the oral cavity. Wound healing is an essential physiological process that involves the collaboration of numerous cell strains and their products to restore damage caused by a local aggressor. This process begins very early in the inflammatory phase and finishes with tissue repair. Myrrh oil has an anti-inflammatory effect on wound contraction, re-epithelization, early neovascularization, and increased collagen density. Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of myrrh oil in rats oral mucosal ulcer healing. Materials and methods: 36 adult male albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) of about 250-300 g of weight and an age of about 2-3 months were used in this experimental study. The practical part of this study lasted two months (June-July 2022) in the private animals' house of Al-Dhyaa in Baghdad City, Iraq. The traumatic ulcer, with an 8 mm diameter and 1 mm depth was made on the right cheek mucosa by using a round diamond bur. The ulcer was treated once daily with a single topical dosage of 10 L of sterile distilled water (control Group). While in the myrrh oil Group, the ulcer was managed once a day with a micropipette dose of 10 ml of 1 mg/ml of myrrh oil. Animals were sacrificed after ulceration with general anesthesia over healing periods 1, 3, and 7 days. Histological analysis was performed by calculating the average wound contraction size, inflammatory cells and epithelial cells, and blood vessels. On days 1, 3, and 7 of the healing process, Van Gieson stain and Periodic Acid-Schiff stain were used to organise collagen fibre deposition and extracellular matrix production in all of the groups that were looked at. Results: Histological findings of an induced oral ulcer treated with daily application of myrrh oil showed more epithelization, reduced inflammation, increased angiogenesis, and decreased healing time in comparison to the control Group. The histochemical findings showed a significant difference in collagen fibers synthesis and extracellular matrix formation in myrrh oil in comparison to the control Group. Conclusion: Myrrh oil is more effective in promoting the healing of ulcers than the control Group.

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“…Cyclic polymers were recently prepared by Yu and co‐workers by intramolecular cyclization of α ‐carboxyl‐ ω ‐amino and α ‐carboxyl‐ ω ‐chloride heterodifunctional linear PS and PMMA using potassium carbonate as the catalyst in high dilution (Scheme ) . The polymers were prepared by ATRP using 4‐(chloromethyl)benzoic acid as a chain initiator.…”

Section: Synthesis Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclic polymers and catenanes by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP)

Pangilinan

Advincula

2014

Polymer International

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The topologically interesting structures of cyclic polymers, catenanes and other macrocycles are of much interest for their unique chemical and physical properties. However, it is a challenge to design synthetic routes that afford controlled ring structures and connectivity, which is why the practical applications of these materials have not been explored. This review describes the advantages and disadvantages of ring expansion and ring closure methods for preparing cyclic polymers. This review also aims to provide a concise overview of the recent techniques of cyclization specifically by ring closure reactions from polymers grown primarily by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The ring closure techniques covered here are atom transfer radical coupling (ATRC), copper-catalyzed Huisgen azide-alkyne cycloaddition, Diels-Alder cycloaddition and alkylation of carboxylate salts to form esters. Ring expansion and ring closure methods have also been used in the preparation of polymer catenanes. A combination of ATRP and ATRC has been applied to the synthesis of homopolymer and block copolymer catenanes using a supramolecular template with ATRP initiators.

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A convenient method for the synthesis of cyclic polymers by ATRP

Cited by 5 publications

References 17 publications

Copper-Mediated Living Radical Polymerization (Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization and Copper(0) Mediated Polymerization): From Fundamentals to Bioapplications

Copper-Mediated Living Radical Polymerization (Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization and Copper(0) Mediated Polymerization): From Fundamentals to Bioapplications

Acceleration of Ulcer Healing by Local Application of Myrrh Oil: An Experimental Study

Cyclic polymers and catenanes by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP)

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