A control strategy for enhancing the Fault Ride-Through capability of a microgrid during balanced and unbalanced grid voltage sags

Gkavanoudis, Spyros I.; Demoulias, Charis S.

doi:10.1016/j.segan.2015.05.001

Cited by 27 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…The third commonly used approach is to implement the FRT control on individual DRERs (as shown in Figure c), such that the microgrid as a single controlled entity can ride‐through grid faults (Al‐Nasseri et al, ; Dhar & Dash, , ; Gopalan et al, ; Majumder, ; Merino et al, ; Ndou et al, ). In some research studies, the FRT scheme is implemented at the PE‐interfaced WECSs to assist microgrid ride‐through grid faults (Gkavanoudis & Demoulias, ; Gkavanoudis, Oureilidis, & Demoulias, ). The supercapacitor‐based energy storage system is incorporated at the DC link of the WECS to provide enhanced reactive power support during the symmetrical and asymmetrical grid faults, resulting in improved microgrid voltage, and thereby assist the microgrid FRT.…”

Section: Frt Strategies For Selected Drersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of fault ride‐through strategies for power grids with 100% power electronic‐interfaced distributed renewable energy resources

Meegahapola

Datta

Nutkani

et al. 2018

WIREs Energy & Environment

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Electricity networks are evolving rapidly with the large-scale integration of power electronic (PE)-interfaced distributed renewable energy resources (DRERs). With this rapid deployment of PE-interfaced renewables, requirements set for the PE-interfaced DRERs have also evolved to maintain grid security and reliability. Fault ride-through (FRT) is an essential requirement which should be adhered by DRERs, which will ensure security and reliability of the power system during grid faults. This paper critically reviews the existing FRT standards (grid-code requirements) and FRT strategies implemented/ proposed for major DRERs, such as wind energy conversion systems (WECSs), solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, and microgrids. According to the review, robust FRT strategies are implemented/proposed DRERs, however, the FRT grid codes are presently developed with the perspective of both synchronous and renewable generation operating in the power system. However, this current approach should be augmented considering 100% PE-based renewable energy scenarios, and emerging issues, such as high penetration of PE-interfaced small-scale renewable generators (e.g., domestic solar-PV systems) and recurring grid faults, to achieve a sustainable renewable energy future. This article is categorized under: Concentrating Solar Power > Systems and Infrastructure Wind Power > Systems and Infrastructure Photovoltaics > Systems and Infrastructure K E Y W O R D S distributed renewable energy resources (DRERs), fault ride-through (FRT), gridcode requirements, microgrids, power electronic converters, solar-PV, wind energy conversion systems (WECSs)

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Section: Frt Strategies For Selected Drersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of fault ride‐through strategies for power grids with 100% power electronic‐interfaced distributed renewable energy resources

Meegahapola

Datta

Nutkani

et al. 2018

WIREs Energy & Environment

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“…During a fault, a generating unit or power park module shall generate maximum reactive current without exceeding the transient rating limit of the generating unit or power park module and/or any constituent power park unit. A system's FRT property is improved when it is faced with different types of voltage depression . The FRT‐related characteristics are as follows: short circuit types and amplitude network design power control procedure system protection generator type and technology short circuit removal period fault occurrence impedance …”

Section: Frt and Related Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A system's FRT property is improved when it is faced with different types of voltage depression. 24 The FRT-related characteristics are as follows:…”

Section: Frt and Related Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of fault ride through of PV and wind renewable energies in grid codes

Hagh

Khalili

2018

Int J Energy Res

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Summary This paper presents a comprehensive review of fault ride through (FRT) in the grid code of 38 selected countries with an emphasis on renewable energy (REN) sources–related rules. Grid codes are the rules legislated usually by the transmission system operators (TSOs) to determine the grid integration requirements of electrical power generators. Each country establishes its grid code for satisfying the minimum required technical criteria and revises it frequently to cope with new modifications of the utility. Growing the penetration of REN sources have influenced many operational aspects of the power system such as protection, power quality, reliability, and stability. Thereupon, regulations must ensure the power system's secure and controllable operation of REN sources. FRT is one of the main parts of the grid code, and its characteristics affect the performance and rating of power system apparatus. FRT defines the performance of electric power generators during and in postfault conditions. FRT of solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind turbines (WTs) as the main REN sources of energy has great importance in the grid codes. In this paper, a comparison of FRTs in the grid code of 38 countries, including low‐voltage ride through (LVRT), zero‐voltage ride through (ZVRT), and high‐voltage ride through (HVRT) are provided and surveyed.

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“…Several challenges are inherent owing to the sensitivity of the bidirectional flow of power between the microgrid and host utility grid [5]. In the event of voltage disturbances occasioned by faults in the host grid, studies infer the instant switching from grid-connected to islanded mode [20]. The total grid impedance up to the fault and the voltage at the point of fault occurrence have been identified in fault analysis as major factors affecting electrical faults in the grid [21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By these recommendations, grid-connected MG is required to ride-through balanced and unbalanced sags in grid voltage as expressed in FRT voltage profile. However, interruption followed by a transition into autonomous operation is only permitted when fault persists [20]. Fault current limiters (FCLs) are utilized in minimizing the contribution to the fault current level of the DGs to improve FRT [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fault Ride-Through Enhancement of Grid Supporting Inverter-Based Microgrid Using Delayed Signal Cancellation Algorithm Secondary Control

2019

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The growing level of grid-connected renewable energy sources in the form of microgrids has made it highly imperative for grid-connected microgrids to contribute to the overall system stability. Consequently, secondary services which include the fault ride-through (FRT) capability are expected to be possessed characteristics by inverter-based microgrids. This enhances the stable operation of the main grid and sustained microgrid grid interconnection during grid faults in conformity with the emerging national grid codes. This paper proposes an effective FRT secondary control strategy to coordinate power injection during balanced and unbalanced fault conditions. This complements the primary control to form a two-layer hierarchical control structure in the microgrids. The primary level is comprised of voltage/power and current inner loops fed by a droop control. The droop control coordinates grid power-sharing amongst the voltage source inverters. When a fault occurs, the participating inverters operate to support the grid voltage, by injecting supplementary reactive power based on their droop gains. Similarly, under unbalanced voltage condition due to asymmetrical faults in the grid, the proposed secondary control ensures the positive sequence component compensation and negative and zero sequence components clearance using a delayed signal cancellation (DSC) algorithm and power electronic switched series impedance placed in-between the point of common coupling (PCC) and the main grid. While ensuring that FRT ancillary service is rendered to the main utility, the strategy proposed ensures relatively interrupted quality power is supplied to the microgrid load. Consequently, this strategy ensures the microgrid ride-through the voltage sag and supports the grid utility voltage during the period of the main utility grid fault. Results of the study are presented and discussed.

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A control strategy for enhancing the Fault Ride-Through capability of a microgrid during balanced and unbalanced grid voltage sags

Cited by 27 publications

References 32 publications

Role of fault ride‐through strategies for power grids with 100% power electronic‐interfaced distributed renewable energy resources

Role of fault ride‐through strategies for power grids with 100% power electronic‐interfaced distributed renewable energy resources

A review of fault ride through of PV and wind renewable energies in grid codes

Fault Ride-Through Enhancement of Grid Supporting Inverter-Based Microgrid Using Delayed Signal Cancellation Algorithm Secondary Control

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