A comparison of<i>Toxocara canis</i>embryonation under controlled conditions in soil and hair

Keegan, Jason D.; Holland, Celia V.

doi:10.1017/s0022149x12000065

Cited by 43 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…It has been demonstrated that Toxocara spp. egg can embroyonate in the coats of dogs, but it is not at as high rate as in soil [25]. Toxocara eggs are long-lived in the environment and, without effective treatment of egg-shedding dogs and cats, numbers of infective eggs will increase in the environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of UK pet owners quantifying internal parasite infection risk and deworming recommendation implications

Pennelegion¹,

Drake

Wiseman³

et al. 2020

Parasites Vectors

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Background: Dogs and cats in the UK are exposed to many internal parasites which can pose risks to the health of both the pet and their owners. By understanding these endemic parasites and the risks they pose, we can assess the lifestyle of pets and recommend the correct deworming frequency. Studies identifying risk factors were discussed in the European Scientific Counsel Companion Animal Parasites (ESCCAP) guidelines. To this date, there has been very little information on how pet owners in the UK deworm their pets and if the protocols they follow align with ESCCAP recommendations. The objective of this study was to look at the current deworming protocols of UK cat and dog owners in conjunction with their lifestyle and risk. Methods: An online survey was conducted in the UK targeting pet owners who own at least one dog and/or cat and were responsible for product purchase, the pet's health care and veterinary visits. These survey results were analysed against the ESCCAP guidelines and each pet placed into a risk category. By comparing the current deworming frequency with that recommended for their risk category, the compliance of UK pet owners with ESCCAP recommendations was evaluated. Results: A total of 500 dog owners and 500 cat owners completed surveys. Overall, the study found none of the pets fell into risk group A, with all pets meeting the risk level for at least deworming four times a year (risk group B and above). The majority of animals fell into the highest risk category D with 97% of dogs and 68% of cats. The average deworming per year in the UK was 3.1 for dogs and 3.1 cats, below the minimum recommended by ESCCAP. Conclusions: For both felines and canines, the dosing frequencies are lower than recommended to both reduce zoonotic risk for reducing Toxocara spp. egg-shedding and improve pet health. This research highlights the need for improved education around dog and cat patient risk assessments and greater adherence to recommended deworming aligned with the ESCCAP guidelines.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of UK pet owners quantifying internal parasite infection risk and deworming recommendation implications

Pennelegion¹,

Drake

Wiseman³

et al. 2020

Parasites Vectors

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“…Infectious diseases caused by soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) are important diseases of humans which affect about one-third of the world's population. From the public health perspective, soil examination is an effective substitute for faecal examination in epidemiological surveys of STH infection [10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Earthworms may be play a significant role in transmitting the eggs in soils [17], as well as flies [18,19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental soil contamination by <i>Toxocara</i> species eggs in public places of Ilam, Iran

Raissi

Raiesi

Etemadi

et al. 2020

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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Introduction. The purpose of the study is to assess environmental contamination by Toxocara species eggs in public places in the city of Ilam, Ilam Province, southwest Iran Materials and method. Between September 2018 and March 2019, 130 soil samples were collected from public places of 5 district municipalities of Ilam, southwest Iran. Soil samples were examined by microscopy following flotation method by sodium nitrate. Results. Soil analysis showed that 5.88% of the soils stored, 52.54% from gardens, 29.42% from rubbish, and 11.72% from green spaces were contaminated with Toxocara spp. eggs. In total, 13.08 % of soil samples (17/130) were positive for Toxocara eggs (P > 0.05). Conclusions. The findings revealed that care should be taken when using soil from gardens, green spaces and rubbish, and also should be seriously considered because of the potential issues of toxocariasis and also the risk to the public.

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“…According to Cardoso et al [ 17 ], the domestic slaughtering of pigs and small ruminants showed a statistical association with Toxocara infections, and this practice is usual in farm dog owners in this municipality. Human infection is caused by direct contact with contaminated soil or dog hair [ 59 ]. Visceral larva migrans , ocular larva migrans [ 60 ], and severe diseases affecting the central nervous system and/or the eye can occur [ 61 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Zoonotic Parasites Identified in Dog Feces Collected in Ponte de Lima, Portugal—A Potential Threat to Human Health

Mateus

Castro

Niza-Ribeiro

et al. 2014

IJERPH

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Dogs play many roles and their presence within people’s houses has increased. In rural settings dog faeces are not removed from the streets, representing an environmental pollution factor. Our aim was to evaluate the occurrence of environmental contamination with zoonotic intestinal parasites of three groups of dogs in Ponte de Lima, Portugal, with a particular emphasis on Echinococcus granulosus. We collected 592 dog faecal samples from the environment, farm and hunting dogs. Qualitative flotation coprological analysis was performed and the frequency in the positive samples ranged between 57.44% and 81.19% in different groups. We isolated up to four different parasites in one sample and detected seven intestinal parasitic species, genera or families overall. Ancylostomatidae was the most prevalent parasite, followed by Trichuris spp., Toxocara spp., Isospora spp., Dipylidium caninum, Taeniidae and Toxascaris leonina. Taeniidae eggs were analyzed with the PCR technique and revealed not to be from Echinococcus. The parasite prevalence and the diversity of zoonotic parasites found were high, which calls for a greater awareness of the problem among the population, especially hunters. Promoting research at the local level is important to plan control strategies. Health education should be developed with regard to farmers and hunters, and a closer collaboration between researchers, practitioners and public health authorities is needed.

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A comparison ofToxocara canisembryonation under controlled conditions in soil and hair

Cited by 43 publications

References 20 publications

Survey of UK pet owners quantifying internal parasite infection risk and deworming recommendation implications

Survey of UK pet owners quantifying internal parasite infection risk and deworming recommendation implications

Environmental soil contamination by <i>Toxocara</i> species eggs in public places of Ilam, Iran

Multiple Zoonotic Parasites Identified in Dog Feces Collected in Ponte de Lima, Portugal—A Potential Threat to Human Health

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