A comparison between aquatic and land-based physical exercise on postural sway and quality of life in people with Parkinson’s disease: a randomized controlled pilot study

Is Aquatic Therapy Optimally Prescribed for Parkinson’s Disease? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…The median score for methodological quality using the PEDro scale was seven out of ten (IQR 7,7). Eight of the 11 included studies scored between seven and eight implying moderate quality, [28][29][30][31][62][63][64][65] with a high risk of bias recorded for blinding of therapists and subjects, and intention to treat analysis (Table II).…”

“…Shahmohammadi et al [62] reported greater improvement in the aquatic therapy group compared to a land-based exercise group for quality of life using the Farsi version of the…”

“…Is aquatic therapy optimally prescribed for Parkinson's disease? a systematic review and meta-analysis 30 research could incorporate introduction sessions where participants are introduced to singletask exercises targeting specific impairments with an emphasis on movement quality, [22,62] and how buoyancy and drag can influence movement in water. [82] Higher intensity neuromotor exercise training in water, if sufficiently prescribed, may lead to better outcomes over land-based exercise for people with PD.…”

“…Not specified ("sessions were designed with a gradual increase in difficulty") The level of immersion at which study participants exercised in water were waist depth [62] or the mamillary line [61,65] Adverse events, participants involvement and economic evaluation…”

“…Eight investigations reported no adverse outcomes following participation in the aquatic interventions, although six studies did not specify whether or not adverse events were monitored or documented during the intervention period [60,62,63,65,67,70]. No trials reported data for economic cost, and no studies reported patient or public involvement in any stage of the research study.…”