A Comparative Study of Enamel Surface Roughness After Bleaching With Diode Laser and Nd: YAG Laser

Abstract

Introduction: Bleaching process can affect surface roughness of enamel, which is a vital factor in esthetic and resistance of tooth. The aim of this study was to compare surface roughness of enamel in teeth bleached using Diode and Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet (Nd: YAG) lasers with those bleached using conventional method. Methods: In this study, 75 anterior human teeth from upper and lower jaws (These teeth extracted because of periodontal disease) were randomly divided into 5 groups. Group 1: Laser white gel (Biolase, USA) with 45% hydrogen peroxide concentration and GaAlAs Diode laser (CHEESE TM , GIGAA, China), group 2: Heydent gel (JW, Germany) with 30% Hydrogen peroxide concentration and Diode laser, group 3: Laser white gel and Nd:YAG laser (FIDELIS TM , Fotona, Slovenia), group 4: Heydent gel and Nd:YAG laser and group 5: The Iranian gel Kimia (Iran) with 35% hydrogen peroxide concentration were used. Surface roughness of the samples was measured using the Surface Roughness Tester system (TR 200 Time Group, Germany) before and after bleaching. In each group, one sample was randomly selected for SEM analysis. Results:The results showed that the mean surface roughness of the teeth before and after bleaching had a significant difference in all the study groups. It was indicated that after bleaching, the mean surface roughness had increased in all the study groups. The highest surface roughness was seen in the conventional bleaching group and the lowest surface roughness was reported in group 3 (laser white gel + diode laser), in which the average surface roughness increased by only 0.1 µm. Conclusion: It was concluded that using the Laser white gel and the diode laser for bleaching resulted in the least surface roughness compared to conventional method.

Spectrophotometric and Morphologic Comparison of Bleaching with LED and Diode Laser

“…20 Bu çalışmada, önceki çalışmalardan referans alınarak, ağartma ajanının etkinliğini artırmak için 810 nm dalga boyunda bir diyot lazer 1,5 W güçte 30 sn uygulanmıştır. 20,21 Çeşitli ışık kaynaklarının ve lazerlerin ağartma işlemlerindeki etkinlikleri birçok çalışma ile değerlendirilmiştir. 18,21,22 Bu in vitro çalışmada, 810 nm diyot lazer ve LED ışık cihazı ile aktive edilen ağartma teknikleri, hiçbir aktivasyon kullanılmadan yapılan ağartma tekniği ile karşılaştırılmıştır.…”

Effect of Laser-assisted and Conventional In-office Bleaching on Monomer Release from Microhybrid and Nanohybrid Composite

“…3) Different energy sources have been used in order to increase bleaching efficacy and reduce chairside time such as quartz-tungsten-halogen lamps, plasmaarc devices, light emitting diodes (LED) and different laser systems 5) . Among these, laser systems have the ability of in-depth activation of the bleaching gels; therefore, more free radicals will be released in a shorter time 6) .…”

Effect of violet led associated with low-concentration hydrogen peroxide on enamel surface roughness

“…These tooth bleaching techniques show to be effective as a color change, but in many cases, it can cause tooth sensitivity 2 . They are also seen in the literature some unwanted effects on the enamel structure related to peroxide gels and some associated light sources, among which are roughness increase, hardness decrease, and surface morphology changes 5,6 . Such changes may be harmful to patients because of the increase in enamel porosity, facilitating the adhesion of microorganisms 7 .…”