2022
DOI: 10.3390/en15134930
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Abstract: As renewable energy sources, such as solar systems, are becoming more popular, the focus is moving into more effective utilization of these energy sources and harvesting more energy for intermittency reduction in this renewable source. This is opening up a market for methods of energy storage and increasing interest in batteries, as they are, as it stands, the foremost energy storage device available to suit a wide range of requirements. This interest has brought to light the downfalls of batteries and resulta… Show more

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Cited by 28 publications
(6 citation statements)
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“…Throughout the 19th century, the first-generation battery was the only choice and held the dominant position. Typical batteries for this era of dominance include lead acid, zinc-carbon, alkaline, nickel-cadmium, and the first generation of nickel metal hydride rechargeable batteries [44][45][46].…”
Section: Lithium-ion Battery Definition and Operation Principlementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Throughout the 19th century, the first-generation battery was the only choice and held the dominant position. Typical batteries for this era of dominance include lead acid, zinc-carbon, alkaline, nickel-cadmium, and the first generation of nickel metal hydride rechargeable batteries [44][45][46].…”
Section: Lithium-ion Battery Definition and Operation Principlementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Rechargeable batteries, such as lead-acid batteries, lithium-ion batteries, liquid flow batteries, and metal-air batteries, are investigated for renewable energy storage. 5,6 Among them, the vanadium redox flow battery can be assembled modularly for large scale application, but it is still hampered by issues like high cost, unsatisfactory life cycle, and intricate maintenance of equipment. 7,8 Water electrolysis is a suitable, reliable and scalable solution for renewable energy storage as it is able to convert renewable electricity into the chemical energy of hydrogen.…”
Section: Ao Xiementioning
confidence: 99%
“…NiMH battery is commonly employed in HEV and EV due to their longer life cycle ( 2000 cycles) than lead acid batteries, abuse tolerant and safe [82]. The maximum energy density of the NiMH battery is 120 Wh/kg, the power density (1000 W/kg) and highest charge/discharge efficiency is 92% [83]. The main challenges in Ni-based batteries are high self-discharging, cost, heat generation at high temperatures, and required additional control systems to control losses.…”
Section: E Electric Vehicle Battery Technologymentioning
confidence: 99%