A comparative evaluation of natural and artificial scaffolds in regenerative endodontics: A clinical study

PRP and PRF—Subgroups and Divisions When Used in Dentistry

“…The data obtained by Lv et al [11] did not show a significant difference between the use of PRF and the technique of inducing periapical bleeding in tooth revascularization or revitalization. On the other hand, the study conducted by Sharma et al [54] indicated better revascularization properties of PRF and collagen compared to blood clots and commercially available scaffolds, such as collagen and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), in immature permanent teeth.…”

“…The main goal of periodontitis therapy is not only to slow down the progression of the disease but also to restore the original function and shape of the periodontal complex [54,59]. The starting point in the treatment of periodontitis is the motivation for oral hygiene and non-surgical therapy [28,57].…”

“…Regenerative therapies, such as enamel matrix derivative product application, guided tissue regeneration, bone grafting or biomolecular techniques, are also used [57,63,64]. For this purpose, many different materials are used, including demineralized freeze-dried bone allografts (DFDBA), autogenic bone, alloplastic materials or xenogenic materials, such as anorganic bovine bone mineral (ABBM), which is a material that is produced by removing organic components from cortical or spongy bovine bone [54,57,60]. Their goal is to obtain a new periodontal connection with new cement, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone.…”

“…Shukla et al [59] claimed that the gold standard in treatment using graft materials is autografting; however, it can lead to complications, such as ankylosis and root resorption. It was investigated that graft materials provide adequate conditions for the ingrowth of osteogenic elements [54,65]. They act osteoconductively, creating a mechanical scaffold to create a new bone [45,65].…”

“…The use of biological mediators can selectively increase the cellular renewal of periodontal wounds [65,67,68]. Thus, the combination of scaffold materials and biologically active agents can have a positive effect on the treatment of intrabony defects by promoting periodontal regeneration because this combination can give synergistic effects [54,65]. Graft materials may act as an osteoconductive scaffold, while bioactive materials can induce the formation of periodontal ligaments, root cement and bones [54,65,66].…”