A Comparative Assessment of Nanotoxicity Induced by Metal (Silver, Nickel) and Metal Oxide (Cobalt, Chromium) Nanoparticles in Labeo rohita

Abstract

In the present in vivo study, we provide a comparison of toxicological consequences induced by four different types of spherical nanoparticles (NPs)—silver nanoparticles (AgNPs, 40 ± 6 nm), nickel (NiNPs, 43 ± 6 nm), cobalt oxide (Co3O4NPs, 60 ± 6 nm), and chromium oxide (Cr3O4NPs, 50 ± 5 nm)—on freshwater fish Labeo rohita. Fish were exposed to NPs (25 mg/L) for 21 days. We observed a NPs type-dependent toxicity in fish. An altered behavior showing signs of stress and a substantial reduction in total leukocyte count was noticed in all NP-treated groups. A low total erythrocyte count in all NP-treated fish except for Co3O4NPs was discerned while a low survival rate in the case of Cr3O4NP-treated fish was observed. A significant decrease in growth and hemoglobin were noticed in NiNP- and Cr3O4NP-treated fish. A considerable total protein elevation was detected in NiNP-, Co3O4NP-, and Cr3O4NP-treated groups. An upgrading in albumin level was witnessed in Co3O4NP- and Cr3O4NP-treated groups while a high level of globulin was noted in NiNP- and Co3O4NP-exposed groups. In all NP-treated groups, a depleted activity of antioxidative enzymes and pathological lesions in liver and kidney were noticed.

Biosynthesis, characterization and anti-dengue vector activity of silver nanoparticles prepared from Azadirachta indica and Citrullus colocynthis

“…Especially, in arena of medical science and medicine, it is considered as next logical step and the future medicine [1,2]. However, the potential risks such as harmful side effects on human and environment have made nanotechnology a double-edged sword [3,4].…”

Epigenetics in Breast Cancer Therapy—New Strategies and Future Nanomedicine Perspectives

“…In this sense, understanding which physicochemical properties are coupled with adverse effects is critical for designing safer and more effective nanomaterials for cancer treatment. This so-called "Safe(r)-by-Design" approach requires the implementation of safety evaluation early in the development of nanomaterials [247], together with understanding their toxicokinetics and modulation of the immune system [248][249][250].…”

Polysulfone metal-activated carbon magnetic nanocomposites with enhanced CO2capture

“…Finally, in the XRD of Co-C particles, it can be seen that the pattern of a simple cubic crystalline structure was represented by diffraction peaks at 2q: 20.1, 31.0, 36.7, 44.4, 47.4, 59.2 and 65.2 corresponding to the (111), (220), (311), (222), (422), (511) and (440) planes. 39 The peak at 36.7 (311) was used to calculate the crystal size, and it was 11 nm. In the resume, the XRD of the M-C particles shows that all the metals have crystalline nanometric structures.…”