A compact laser-based spectrometer for detection of C2H2 in exhaled breath and HCN in vitro

Marchenko, D. V.; Neerincx, Anne H.; Mandon, Julien; Zhang, J.; Boerkamp, Martijn; Mink, J.; Cristescu, Simona M.; Hekkert, S. te Lintel; Harren, F.J.M.

doi:10.1007/s00340-014-5983-y

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The current system is an improved version of a previously reported setup [34]. At that time, a detection limit was reported of ~80 ppbv at 1 s acquisition time; this was sufficient for in vitro concentration measurements from bacteria (up to 2 ppmv of HCN).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The signal (red line, Fig. 2) is compared with the dark current of the photodetector (blue line) and previously obtained experimental result (green line) described earlier [34]. To retrieve the HCN concentration, the signals from the samples were averaged over 10 s resulting in a detection limit of 2-3 ppbv.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The laser was pointed towards an optical absorption cell operated in an OA-ICOS configuration, the cell was modified as compared to earlier investigations [34]. Here, the cell consisted of two highly reflective mirrors (99.8% reflectivity at 1500 nm (Layertec, Germany) resulting in an effective path length of 300 meters and a cavity finesse of 1570.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oral consent was obtained from participants aged 12 years and older, and parents of children aged 6-18 years. [34] (green) and the improved detection limit of the current off-axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy (OA-ICOS) setup (red) reported here. The lowest detection limit possible with the used detector and acquisition electronics is shown in blue…”

Section: Breath Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A widely tunable, near-infrared laser-based trace gas sensor for hydrogen cyanide (HCN) detection in exhaled breath

et al. 2017

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down spectroscopy, wavelength modulation spectroscopy, off-axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy (OA-ICOS) [10,11] and photoacoustic spectroscopy [12,13]. For these spectroscopic methods specificity, costs and complexity depend highly on the used laser wavelength. For probing molecular gas species in mid-infrared molecular fingerprint region (2-20 μm) continuous wave quantum cascade lasers (QCL) [14] and interband cascade lasers [15] are mostly used, next to non-linear generated light via different frequency generation (DFG) [16], or optical parametric oscillators (OPO) [17].In the near-infrared wavelength region, compact diode lasers are designed to operate efficiently around the 1.5 μm wavelength region for telecommunications purposes, as optical losses in fibers are minimal at this wavelength. In recent years, an advance and sensitive optical spectrometer based on a near-infrared laser and cavity ring down spectroscopy (CRDS) has been successfully developed and used to measure HCN below the ppbv (part per billion volume, 1:10 9 ) level [18,19]. In the present study, a widely tunable telecommunication laser is used in combination with off-axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy (OA-ICOS) for trace gas detection. Off-axis-ICOS offers a compact, robust setup with fast detection and lower costs, but at similar sensitivity performance levels as compared to CRDS. As such, these features allow this to be considered as an easy-to-implement solution for real-world applications.Here, we will use the system for detection of HCN in exhaled breath. In vitro studies have shown that cultures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria produce the toxic hydrogen cyanide (HCN) [20,21]. Furthermore, HCN has been detected in sputum of P. aeruginosa infected cystic fibrosis (CF) patients [22,23]. In vivo studies using selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) report that HCN can be identified as a biomarker for P. aeruginosa infection Abstract A compact, cost-effective sensor is developed for detection of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) in exhaled breath within seconds. For this, an off-axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy setup is combined with a widely tunable compact near-infrared laser (tunability 1527-1564 nm). For HCN a detection sensitivity has been obtained of 8 ppbv in nitrogen (within 1 s), equal to a noise equivalent absorption sensitivity of 1.9 × 10 −9 cm −1 Hz −1/2 . With this sensor we demonstrated the presence of HCN in exhaled breath; its detection could be a good indicator for bacterial lung infection. Due to its compact, cost-effective and user-friendly design, this laser-based sensor has the potential to be implemented in future clinical applications.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Breath Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A widely tunable, near-infrared laser-based trace gas sensor for hydrogen cyanide (HCN) detection in exhaled breath

et al. 2017

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“…Acetylene (C 2 H 2 ) is one of the most important hydrocarbons species used in industrial processes [1], and is also used as an indicator in transformer fault diagnosis [2] and biomedicine [3], and as a tracer of air mass age [4]. It originates predominantly from anthropogenic activity including automotive industry and biomass burning [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near infrared diode laser absorption spectroscopy of acetylene between 6523 and 6587cm−1

Deng

Sun

et al. 2015

Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy

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Laser spectroscopy for breath analysis: towards clinical implementation

et al. 2018

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Detection and analysis of volatile compounds in exhaled breath represents an attractive tool for monitoring the metabolic status of a patient and disease diagnosis, since it is non-invasive and fast. Numerous studies have already demonstrated the benefit of breath analysis in clinical settings/applications and encouraged multidisciplinary research to reveal new insights regarding the origins, pathways, and pathophysiological roles of breath components. Many breath analysis methods are currently available to help explore these directions, ranging from mass spectrometry to laser-based spectroscopy and sensor arrays. This review presents an update of the current status of optical methods, using near and mid-infrared sources, for clinical breath gas analysis over the last decade and describes recent technological developments and their applications. The review includes: tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy, cavity ring-down spectroscopy, integrated cavity output spectroscopy, cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy, photoacoustic spectroscopy, quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy, and optical frequency comb spectroscopy. A SWOT analysis (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) is presented that describes the laser-based techniques within the clinical framework of breath research and their appealing features for clinical use.

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A compact laser-based spectrometer for detection of C2H2 in exhaled breath and HCN in vitro

Cited by 22 publications

References 37 publications

A widely tunable, near-infrared laser-based trace gas sensor for hydrogen cyanide (HCN) detection in exhaled breath

A widely tunable, near-infrared laser-based trace gas sensor for hydrogen cyanide (HCN) detection in exhaled breath

Near infrared diode laser absorption spectroscopy of acetylene between 6523 and 6587cm−1

Laser spectroscopy for breath analysis: towards clinical implementation

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