A community‐based study of respiratory episodes in Melbourne, Australia

Leder, Karin; Sinclair, Martha Irvine; Mitakaki, Teresa Z.; Hellard, Margaret; Forbes, Andrew Benjamin; Fairley, Christopher K

doi:10.1111/j.1467-842x.2003.tb00416.x

Cited by 71 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…School absences were significantly lower in the zinc groups of each study, by an average of 0.4 days (p = 0.04) 32 and 0.8 days (p < 0.001). 33 Antibiotic use was also significantly lower in the zinc groups of each study (5 33 respectively). In one of the studies, 32 the proportion of children with no colds during the study period was 33% in the zinc group versus 14% in the control group, for a number needed to treat of six.…”

Section: Zincmentioning

confidence: 93%

Prevention and treatment of the common cold: making sense of the evidence

Allan

Arroll

2014

CMAJ

163

136

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Section: Zincmentioning

confidence: 93%

Prevention and treatment of the common cold: making sense of the evidence

Allan

Arroll

2014

CMAJ

163

136

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…[1][2][3] In previous reports, the frequency of respiratory tract infections has been estimated to vary between 3 and 6 episodes within the first year of life. [4][5][6] A variety of factors, such as day care attendance, 7,8 older siblings 7,9,10 and lack of breastfeeding, [10][11][12] have been considered as possible risk factors for early respiratory tract infections. In addition, a parental history of asthma 13,14 and smoking 10,[15][16][17][18] are thought to have a role in the child' s susceptibility to infections and to respiratory symptoms.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory Tract Illnesses During the First Year of Life: Effect of Dog and Cat Contacts

Bergroth¹,

Remes²,

Pekkanen

et al. 2012

Pediatrics

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WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT: Respiratory infectious symptoms are common during the first year of life. Day care attendance, older siblings, and lack of breastfeeding have been considered as possible factors influencing early respiratory tract infections. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:Children with early dog contacts seem to have fewer infectious respiratory symptoms and diseases, especially otitis, during the first year of life. abstract OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of dog and cat contacts on the frequency of respiratory symptoms and infections during the first year of life. METHODS:In this birth cohort study, 397 children were followed up from pregnancy onward, and the frequency of respiratory symptoms and infections together with information about dog and cat contacts during the first year of life were reported by using weekly diaries and a questionnaire at the age of 1 year. All the children were born in eastern or middle Finland between September 2002 and May 2005. RESULTS:In multivariate analysis, children having dogs at home were healthier (ie, had fewer respiratory tract symptoms or infections) than children with no dog contacts (adjusted odds ratio, [aOR]: 1.31; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13-1.52). Furthermore, children having dog contacts at home had less frequent otitis (aOR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.38-0.81) and tended to need fewer courses of antibiotics (aOR: 0.71; 95% CI: 0.52-0.96) than children without such contacts. In univariate analysis, both the weekly amount of contact with dogs and cats and the average yearly amount of contact were associated with decreased respiratory infectious disease morbidity. CONCLUSIONS:These results suggest that dog contacts may have a protective effect on respiratory tract infections during the first year of life. Our findings support the theory that during the first year of life, animal contacts are important, possibly leading to better resistance to infectious respiratory illnesses during childhood. Pediatrics 2012;130:211-220 AUTHORS:

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“…As infecções respiratórias agudas (IRA) são comuns, causam significativa morbidade e contribuem muito para a carga total de doença na comunidade 1 . Além do importante impacto social, as IRA são causa freqüente de atendimento médico e consumo de antibióticos 2 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Outpatient antibiotic therapy as a predisposing factor for bacterial resistance: a rational approach to airway infections

Nascimento‐Carvalho¹

2006

J Pediatr (Rio J)

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Objectives: To present evidence-based recommendations for the use of antibiotics for the treatment of the most common acute respiratory infections (ARI) and the available information on the importance of this type of management.Sources: MEDLINE and LILACS databases, technical publications by international organizations, national and international directives. The search terms acute respiratory infection, otitis, sinusitis, tonsillitis, pneumonia, antibiotic, guidelines and bacterial resistance were used. Articles cited by the articles selected were analyzed for information of interest.Summary of the findings: Bacterial resistance has grown, to the extent that today it is recognized as a global public health problem. ARI are the most common cause of antibiotic usage within the community; yet a large proportion of these cases, compromising the upper (otitis, sinusitis, tonsillitis) or the lower airways (pneumonia), are the result of viral infections. Recommendations to rationalize the use of antibiotics in patients with ARI have the common objective of minimizing unnecessary antibiotic use, since antibiotic pressure is one of the factors triggering bacterial resistance.Conclusions: It is of great importance to differentiate among ARI patients those who will benefit from the use of antibiotics. The establishment of recommendations for the prescription of antibiotics is one strategy for minimizing the frequency of bacterial resistance.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2006;82(5 Suppl):S146-52: Antibiotics, bacterial resistance, otitis, sinusitis, tonsillitis, pneumonia. ResumoObjetivos: Apresentar as recomendações baseadas em evidência para uso de antibióticos no tratamento das infecções respiratórias agudas (IRA) mais freqüentes e as informações disponíveis sobre a importância desse tipo de conduta.Fontes dos dados: Bases de dados MEDLINE, LILACS, publicações técnicas de organizações internacionais, diretrizes nacionais e internacionais. Foram utilizados os unitermos acute respiratory infection, otitis, sinusitis, tonsillitis, pneumonia, antibiotic, guidelines, bacterial resistance. Artigos citados pelos artigos incluídos foram analisados quanto à apresentação de informação de interesse. Síntese dos dados:A resistência bacteriana tem crescido, sendo atualmente reconhecida como problema mundial de saúde pública. As IRA são a causa mais freqüente para uso de antibiótico na comunidade; grande parte desses casos, tanto nas vias aéreas superiores (otite, sinusite, faringoamidalite) como nas inferiores (pneumonia), são decorrente de infecção viral. As recomendações para racionalizar o uso de antibióticos nos pacientes com IRA têm como objetivo comum minimizar o uso desnecessário de antibióticos, visto que a pressão antibióti-ca é um dos fatores desencadeantes da resistência bacteriana.Conclusões: É de grande importância a distinção, entre os pacientes com IRA, daqueles que podem se beneficiar do uso de antibióticos. O uso das recomendações para a prescrição de antibióticos é uma estratégia para minimizar a freqüência de resistên...

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A community‐based study of respiratory episodes in Melbourne, Australia

Cited by 71 publications

References 28 publications

Prevention and treatment of the common cold: making sense of the evidence

Prevention and treatment of the common cold: making sense of the evidence

Respiratory Tract Illnesses During the First Year of Life: Effect of Dog and Cat Contacts

Outpatient antibiotic therapy as a predisposing factor for bacterial resistance: a rational approach to airway infections

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