A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study on the Immunoassay of Human Immunoglobulin Using a Quartz Crystal Microbalance

Abstract

We investigate a immunoassay biosensor that employs a Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) to detect the specific binding reaction of the (Human IgG1)-(Anti-Human IgG1) protein pair under physiological conditions. In addition to experiments, a three dimensional time domain finite element method (FEM) was used to perform simulations for the biomolecular binding reaction in microfluidic channels. In particular, we discuss the unsteady convective diffusion in the transportation tube, which conveys the buffer solution containing the analyte molecules into the micro-channel where the QCM sensor lies. It is found that the distribution of the analyte concentration in the tube is strongly affected by the flow field, yielding large discrepancies between the simulations and experimental results. Our analysis shows that the conventional assumption of the analyte concentration in the inlet of the micro-channel being uniform and constant in time is inadequate. In addition, we also show that the commonly used procedure in kinetic analysis for estimating binding rate constants from the experimental data would underestimate these rate constants due to neglected diffusion processes from the inlet to the reaction surface. A calibration procedure is proposed to supplement the basic kinetic analysis, thus yielding better consistency with experiments.

BSA Immobilization on QCM Sensor with Hydrophobic-Hydrophilic Properness Modification of Polystyrene Surface Using Ultraviolet (UV) Radiation

“…Sensor QCM menggunakan efek piezoelektrik untuk merekam pergeseran frekuensi resonansi akibat pembebanan massa kecil setiap saat [1][2][3].…”

Macromolecular binding and kinetic analysis with optically sectioned planar format assays

“…(3) Recovered kinetic parameters reflect the experimental conditions under which they were collected. Rate constants collected from flow cells, 44,45 quiescent planar systems (this study), rotating disks, 46,47 cylindrical, 2 or micro arrays 11 will differ depending on the mass transport and diffusion characteristics of the system. ( 4) Recovered parameters are model and fit procedure dependent.…”

“…( 4) Recovered parameters are model and fit procedure dependent. 31,45,48 While there is widespread adoption of eqn (6) in the literature (cf. : ref.…”

Advanced Impedance Spectroscopy for QCM Sensor in Liquid Medium

“…The QCM sensor has been adopted as a biosensor because it is versatile and durable, involving both a simple and very stable structure. The QCM sensor has numerous nanoscale applications, including cells [ 4 ], antibody interactions [ 5 ], detection of DNA hybridizations [ 6 ], and viruses [ 7 ]. However, the application of piezoelectric materials as biosensors is a challenge due to losses induced by contact with the liquid medium.…”