A Coherent Postglacial Tree-limit Chronology (<i>Pinus sylvestris</i> L.) for the Swedish Scandes: Aspects of Paleoclimate and “Recent Warming,” Based on Megafossil Evidence

Kullman, Leif; Kjällgren, Lena

doi:10.1080/15230430.2000.12003386

Cited by 39 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…This same situation, although not ubiquitous, has also been documented in more distant locations, such as the Sierra Nevada (Clark et al 2007), Alaska (Wiles et al 1995;Calkin et al 2001) and in adjacent Canada (Denton & Stuiver 1966;Reyes, Luckman et al 2006;Reyes, Wiles et al 2006). Moreover, some pollen and treeline reconstructions from the Arctic (Kremenetski et al 1998;Kullman & Kjallgran 2000;MacDonald et al 2000;Wagner & Melles 2002), as well as sea-surface temperatures (SST) variations in some parts of the tropics (e.g., deMenocal et al 2000) and the North Atlantic (Marchal et al 2002;Moros et al 2004), also indicate that the most significant Holocene cooling occurred in the LIA. Recently, Broecker & Denton (unpubl.…”

Section: Little Ice Agementioning

confidence: 52%

The most extensive Holocene advance in the Stauning Alper, East Greenland, occurred in the Little Ice Age

2008

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We present glacial geologic and chronologic data concerning the Holocene ice extent in the Stauning Alper of East Greenland. The retreat of ice from the late-glacial position back into the mountains was accomplished by at least 11 000 cal years B.P. The only recorded advance after this time occurred during the past few centuries (the Little Ice Age). Therefore, we postulate that the Little Ice Age event represents the maximum Holocene ice extent in this part of East Greenland

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Section: Little Ice Agementioning

confidence: 52%

The most extensive Holocene advance in the Stauning Alper, East Greenland, occurred in the Little Ice Age

2008

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“…The period 7500-4500 cal yr BP roughly matches with the Holocene climatic optimum in adjacent regions of the North Atlantic, including northern Sweden, due to orbital forcing (Stuiver et al 1995, Dahl-Jensen et al 1998. During the early-middle Holocene, the Pinus sylvestris tree-line reached its maximum extension in Fennoscandia (Eronen and Huttunen 1993, Kullman 1995, Kultti et al 2006), suggesting that temperatures were higher and precipitation lower then than during other periods (Kullman and Kja¨llgren 2000). Significant changes to the tree-line FIG .…”

Section: Trends In the Fire Regimementioning

confidence: 57%

Long-Term Fire Frequency Not Linked to Prehistoric Occupations in Northern Swedish Boreal Forest

Carcaillet

Bergman²,

Delorme

et al. 2007

Ecology

108

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Knowledge of past fire regimes is crucial for understanding the changes in fire frequency that are likely to occur during the coming decades as a result of global warming and land-use change. This is a key issue for the sustainable management of forest biodiversity because fire regimes may be controlled by vegetation, human activities, and/or climate. The present paper aims to reconstruct the pattern of fire frequency over the Holocene at three sites located in the same region in the northern Swedish boreal forest. The fire regime is reconstructed from sedimentary charcoal analysis of small lakes or ponds. This method allows fire events to be characterized, after detrending the charcoal influx series, and allows estimation of the time elapsed between fires. The long-term fire regime, in terms of fire-free intervals, can thus be elucidated. At the three sites, the mean fire-free intervals through the Holocene were long and of similar magnitude (approximately 320 years). This similarity suggests that the ecological processes controlling fire ignition and spread were the same. At the three sites, the intervals were shorter before 8600 cal yr BP (calibrated years before present), between 7500 and 4500 cal yr BP, and after 2500 cal yr BP. Geomorphological and vegetation factors cannot explain the observed change, because the three sites are located in the same large ecological region characterized by Pinus sylvestris-Ericaceae mesic forests, established on morainic deposits at the same elevation. Archaeological chronologies also do not match the fire chronologies. A climatic interpretation is therefore the most likely explanation of the long-term regional pattern of fire. Although recent human activities between the 18th and the 20th centuries have clearly affected the fire regime, the dominant factor controlling it for 10000 years in northern Sweden has probably been climatic.

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“…yr BP higher summer temperatures resulted in lower lake levels in southern Sweden (Digerfeldt 1988) and the reduction or total disappearance of many Scandinavian glaciers (Dahl & Nesje 1996;Nesje et al 2001). The 'Holocene Thermal Maximum' is suggested by Kullman & Kjällgren (2000) to have started as early as 10 700 cal. yr BP based on megafossil finds of Pinus sylvestris.…”

Section: Holocene Climate Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Holocene vegetation and climate history on a continental-oceanic transect in northern Fennoscandia based on pollen and plant macrofossils

Bjune¹,

Birks²,

Seppä³

2004

Boreas

109

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A Coherent Postglacial Tree-limit Chronology (Pinus sylvestris L.) for the Swedish Scandes: Aspects of Paleoclimate and “Recent Warming,” Based on Megafossil Evidence

Cited by 39 publications

References 69 publications

The most extensive Holocene advance in the Stauning Alper, East Greenland, occurred in the Little Ice Age

The most extensive Holocene advance in the Stauning Alper, East Greenland, occurred in the Little Ice Age

Long-Term Fire Frequency Not Linked to Prehistoric Occupations in Northern Swedish Boreal Forest

Holocene vegetation and climate history on a continental-oceanic transect in northern Fennoscandia based on pollen and plant macrofossils

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