A Challenging Future for the IC Engine: New Technologies and the Control Role

Payri, F.; Lujan, J.; Guardiola, Carlos; Plá, Benjamín

doi:10.2516/ogst/2014002

Cited by 67 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…In this scenario, although alternative non ICE-based powertrains are being evaluated, the ICE still has room to increase its efficiency and reduce its Greenhouse Gases (GHG) emissions in traditional or Hybrid Electric powertrains, remaining a cost-effective solution for the transport problem [10]. Hence, the market pressure along with the increasing warning due to the effect of GHG emissions is pushing the researchers and manufacturers to search for more efficient engines with lower consumption and CO 2 emissions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Tool to Perform Global Energy Balances in DI Diesel Engines

Payri¹,

Olmeda²,

Martín³

et al. 2014

SAE Int. J. Engines

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The generalization of exhaust aftertreatment systems along with the growing awareness about climate change is leading to an increasing importance of the efficiency over other criteria during the design of reciprocating engines. Using experimental and theoretical tools to perform detailed global energy balance (GEB) of the engine is a key issue for assessing the potential of different strategies to reduce consumption. With the objective of improving the analysis of GEB, this paper describes a tool that allows calculating the detailed internal repartition of the fuel energy in DI Diesel engines. Starting from the instantaneous in-cylinder pressure, the tool is able to describe the different energy paths thanks to different submodels for all the relevant subsystems. Hence, the heat transfer from gases to engine walls is obtained with specific convective and radiative models in the chamber and ports; the repartition of the heat flux throughout the engine metal elements towards the oil and coolant is estimated with a lumped capacitance model; finally, the ancillary systems and friction losses are obtained through specific semiempirical submodels. The validation of the tool is performed in a 4-cylinder DI Diesel engine instrumented to perform detailed experimental GEB. Finally, a simple analysis of combined internal and external analysis in the complete engine map shows the effect of operating conditions on each energy term. Thus it is demonstrated the utility of the proposed tool, that complements the experimental heat flow measurements in Diesel engine researches oriented to the reduction of energy consumption.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Tool to Perform Global Energy Balances in DI Diesel Engines

Payri¹,

Olmeda²,

Martín³

et al. 2014

SAE Int. J. Engines

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…8. As shown in Figure 5.9, the evaporation process corresponds to 1-2, the expansion process to 2-3, the condensation process to 3-4 and the pumping process to 4-1.…”

Section: Simulation Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Condensing gauge pressure: Low pressure should be higher than the atmospheric pressure in order to avoid air infiltration in the cycle. 8. Stability temperature: The stability temperature should be as high as possible in order to avoid chemical deteriorations and decomposition at high temperatures.…”

Section: Heat Of Vaporizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High loads and hot conditions should be the starting ideal operating points to test and validate the control of the ORC. 8. The slightly simple and robust control, based on adaptive PIDs, allows the control of the ORC in realistic driving profiles.…”

Section: Experimental Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to increasingly environmental restrictions and rising fuel prices, higher efficiencies are imposed upon our actual powertrains [8]. Turbocharging technology have CO 2 emissions reduction potential of downsizing engines up to 12% for diesel engines and 14% for gasoline engines [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of Organic Rankine Cycles for Waste Heat Recovery in Transportation Vehicles

Pascual¹

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Regulations for ICE-based transportation in the EU seek carbon dioxide emissions lower than 95 g CO 2 /km by 2020. In order to fulfill these limits, improvements in vehicle fuel consumption have to be achieved. One of the main losses of ICEs happens in the exhaust line. Internal combustion engines transform chemical energy into mechanical energy through combustion; however, only about 15-32% of this energy is effectively used to produce work, while most of the fuel energy is wasted through exhaust gases and coolant. Therefore, these sources can be exploited to improve the overall efficiency of the engine. Between these sources, exhaust gases show the largest potential of Waste Heat Recovery (WHR) due to its high level of exergy. Regarding WHR technologies, Rankine cycles are considered as the most promising candidates for improving Internal Combustion Engines. However, the implementation of this technology in modern passenger cars requires additional features to achieve a compact integration and controllability in the engine. While industrial applications typically operates in steady state operating points, there is a huge challenge taking into account its impact in the engine during typical daily driving profiles.This thesis contributes to the knowledge and characterization of an Organic Rankine Cycle coupled with an Internal Combustion Engine using ethanol as working fluid and a swash-plate expander as expansion machine. The main objective of this research work is to obtain and quantify the potential of Organic Rankine Cycles for the use of residual energy in automotive engines. To do this, an experimental ORC test bench was designed and built at CMT (Polytechnic University of Valencia), which can be coupled to different types of automotive combustion engines. Using these results, an estimation of the main variables of the cycle was obtained both in stationary and transient operating points. A potential of increasing ICE mechanical efficiency up to 3.7% could be reached at points of high load installing an ORC in a conventional turbocharged gasoline engine. Regarding transient conditions, a slightly simple and robust control based on adaptive PIDs, allows the control of the ORC in realistic driving profiles. High loads and hot conditions should be the starting ideal conditions to test and validate the control of the ORC in order to achieve high exhaust temperatures that justify the feasibility of the system.In order to deepen in the viability and characteristics of this particular application, some theoretical studies were done. A 1D model was developed using LMS Imagine.Lab Amesim platform. A potential improvement of 2.5% in fuel conversion efficiency was obtained at the high operating points as a direct consequence of the 23.5 g/kWh reduction in bsfc. To conclude, a thermo-economic study was developed taking into account the main elements of the installation costs and a minimum Specific Investment Cost value of 2030 C/kW was obtained. Moreover, an exergetic study showed that a total amount of 3.75 kW...

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The effects of variable geometry turbine opening on reactivity controlled compression ignition combustion

Zhang

Gong

et al. 2018

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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The article studied the effects of VGT opening on combustion characteristics and emission characteristics of a gasoline/diesel dual‐fuel engine, including in‐cylinder combustion pressure and temperature, heat release rate and combustion phasing, maximum pressure rise rate and combustion stability, and fuel consumption and emissions. The results showed that with the increasing of VGT opening, peak combustion pressure increased and its phasing was advanced; CA10, CA50, and left exothermic peak phasing were also advanced; peak average in‐cylinder temperature was reduced; peak pressure rise rate increased for SOI1‐15 strategy, while VGT opening had little influence on it for SOI1‐18 strategy but the most of their values were higher more than 0.75 MPa/°CA so that causing the engine to work roughly; the COVimep decreased, indicating the combustion tended to stability; brake‐specific fuel consumption decreased first and increased, and there was a minimum value at VGT60;both NO x and soot emissions were simultaneously reduced, while CO emission was increased and HC emissions had little changes. This research can be helpful to guide future works on dual fuel RCCI combustion strategies. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 38:e13059, 2019

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A Challenging Future for the IC Engine: New Technologies and the Control Role

Cited by 67 publications

References 83 publications

A New Tool to Perform Global Energy Balances in DI Diesel Engines

A New Tool to Perform Global Energy Balances in DI Diesel Engines

Study of Organic Rankine Cycles for Waste Heat Recovery in Transportation Vehicles

The effects of variable geometry turbine opening on reactivity controlled compression ignition combustion

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