A Case Report of Neonatal Acute Respiratory Failure Due to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2

Precit, Mimi R.; Yee, Rebecca; Anand, Vikram; Mongkolrattanothai, Kanokporn; Pandey, Utsav; Bard, Jennifer Dien

doi:10.1093/jpids/piaa064

Cited by 22 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The mother had not previously been infected and was not infected by this neonate during the period of viral shedding despite the high viral load. As described in current literature, symptoms of COVID-19 in newborns were mild, or even none with complete recovery; which is consistent in our case report [ 7 , 10 , [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] , [20] , [21] , [22] , [23] , [24] , [25] , [26] , [27] , [28] , [29] , [30] , [31] , [32] , [33] , [34] ]. In most cases, the mother was infected and probably transmitted horizontally to the neonate.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Eligible studies (including case reports, case series, cohort studies and retrospective studies) published in English-language journals that have described neonates diagnosed with COVID-19 were included for analysis. We summarized the studies involving neonates in Table 2A , Table 2B [ 10 , [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] , [20] , [21] , [22] , [23] , [24] , [25] , [26] , [27] , [28] , [29] , [30] , [31] , [32] , [33] , [34] ]. Most of these neonates had an infected mother and were asymptomatic (n = 7) or became symptomatic after 16 hours until 17 days after birth (n = 20).…”

Section: Case Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Case report of a neonate with high viral SARSCoV-2 loads and long-term virus shedding

Slaats¹,

Versteylen²,

Gast³

et al. 2020

Journal of Infection and Public Health

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Background SARS-CoV-2 has spread globally. Currently, literature of SARS-CoV-2 in neonates is scarce. We present a case of a neonate with a high viral load and prolonged virus shedding. Methods Epidemiology, clinical characteristics, treatment, laboratory data and follow-up information and the treatment of a neonate with COVID-19 were recorded. Results A 7-day-old boy was admitted to the hospital with fever, lethargy and apnoea. He was found SARS-CoV-2 RNA positive with an exceptionally high viral load in nasopharyngeal swab and stool. The father and two maternity nurses at home had detectable SARS-CoV-2 RNA as well. Sequencing showed all strains belonged to the same cluster. The father was asymptomatic and the maternity nurses developed symptoms after visiting. In the mother, no SARS-CoV-2 RNA could be found. Six days after admission, the neonate was discharged after clinical improvement with oral antibiotics because of a possible pyelonephritis. Monitoring the course of this infection showed that SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detectable in the nasopharynx until day 19 and in stool until day 42 after symptom onset. Conclusions This case shows that neonates can have a high viral load of SARS-CoV-2 and can shed the virus for over one month in stool. Despite the high viral load in the neonate, the mother and a sibling did not get infected.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Case Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case report of a neonate with high viral SARSCoV-2 loads and long-term virus shedding

Slaats¹,

Versteylen²,

Gast³

et al. 2020

Journal of Infection and Public Health

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“…Only two neonatal infections were diagnosed by the presence of IgM in newborn blood 29,82 : these cases qualified as possible congenital and probable postpartum acquired infections, respectively, according to the classification system 16 ; all the other cases had at least one positive RT-PCR. Nine (5.1%) neonates required delivery room resuscitation 19,20,38,41,44,69,77,87 and 67 (38.3%) needed to be admitted to the NICU 17,18,20,27,31,33,35,36,38,41,44,45,[47][48][49][51][52][53][57][58][59]61,62,[64][65][66][69][70][71][72][73]77,[80][81][82][85][86][87]<...>…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clinical features of neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infections. Ninetyseven neonates presented with clinical features related to COVID-19: 18,20,[26][27][28]30,32,[34][35][36][38][39][40][41]44,45,[50][51][52]55,56,58,60,61,[65][66][67][70][71][72]77,78,80,81,[85][86][87][88]90 their distribution is shown in Table 3. Respiratory manifestations mainly consisted of signs of respiratory failure, such as tachypnoea, intercostal retractions, and rhinitis; neonatal ARDS was not diagnosed in any case.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inflammatory markers (Creactive protein and procalcitonin) were increased in 15 (15.5%) out of 97 neonates 20,27,38,40,43,45,49,59,70,72,[80][81][82]88 . Lung imaging was abnormal in 62 (64%) out of 97 neonates and consisted of an interstitialalveolar pattern at lung ultrasound or chest X-ray and ground-glass opacities at CT-scan 17,19,21,23,27,29,32,36,38,44,45,51,53,55,58,59,[64][65][66][69][70][71]73,[77][78][79][80]82,85,88,90 . One neonate presenting with neurological manifestations also showed bilateral gliosis of the deep white periventricular and subcortical matter, together with signs of cerebral vasculitis, which was not totally remitted at the hospital discharge 77 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis and systematic review of reported neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infections

et al. 2020

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A number of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections have been reported in neonates. Here, we aim to clarify the transmission route, clinical features and outcomes of these infections. We present a meta-analysis of 176 published cases of neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infections that were defined by at least one positive nasopharyngeal swab and/or the presence of specific IgM. We report that 70% and 30% of infections are due to environmental and vertical transmission, respectively. Our analysis shows that 55% of infected neonates developed COVID-19; the most common symptoms were fever (44%), gastrointestinal (36%), respiratory (52%) and neurological manifestations (18%), and lung imaging was abnormal in 64% of cases. A lack of mother–neonate separation from birth is associated with late SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR 4.94 (95% CI: 1.98–13.08), p = 0.0002; adjusted OR 6.6 (95% CI: 2.6–16), p < 0.0001), while breastfeeding is not (OR 0.35 (95% CI: 0.09–1.18), p = 0.10; adjusted OR 2.2 (95% CI: 0.7–6.5), p = 0.148). Our findings add to the literature on neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infections.

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Epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of neonates with late-onset COVID-19: 1-year data of Turkish Neonatal Society

et al. 2022

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The literature on neonates with SARS-CoV-2 is mainly concerned with perinatal cases, and scanty data are available about environmentally infected neonates. To fill knowledge gaps on the course and prognosis of neonatal cases, we analyzed 1-year data from the Turkish Neonatal Society in this prospective cohort study of neonates with postnatal transmission. Data from 44 neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), of neonates with positive RT-PCR results at days 5-28 of life, were extracted from the online registry system and analyzed. Of 176 cases, most were term infants with normal birth weight. Fever was the most common symptom (64.2%), followed by feeding intolerance (25.6%), and cough (21.6%). The median length of hospitalization was 9 days, with approximately one quarter of infants receiving some type of ventilatory support. Myocarditis (5.7%) was the most common complication during follow-up. Among the clinical findings, cough (odds ratio [

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A Case Report of Neonatal Acute Respiratory Failure Due to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2

Cited by 22 publications

References 5 publications

Case report of a neonate with high viral SARSCoV-2 loads and long-term virus shedding

Case report of a neonate with high viral SARSCoV-2 loads and long-term virus shedding

Synthesis and systematic review of reported neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infections

Epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of neonates with late-onset COVID-19: 1-year data of Turkish Neonatal Society

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