A case of Bordetella trematum and Kerstersia gyiorum infections in a patient with congestive dermatitis

Kerstersia gyiorum isolated for the first time from two patients with neurodegenerative disease: report of two unusual cases and a review of the literature

“…As a rare bacterium, K. gyiorum gradually became resistant to some antibiotics, such as piperacillin/tazobactam, cefepime, ceftazidime, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, gentamicin, aztreonam, fosfomycin, and colistin. 12 – 14 Fluoroquinolones penetrate bacterial cells through outer membrane porin and phospholipid, and induce changes in the configuration of enzymes, inhibit enzyme activity, and eventually lead to bacterial DNA degradation and cell death. 15 Under the action of fluoroquinolones, bacteria develop drug resistance through chromosomal gene mutation or a plasmid-mediated mechanism, including target site change, decreased membrane permeability, and drug inactivation.…”

“… 19 Most previous reports used cephalosporins or fluoroquinolones for the treatment of K. gyiorum infections, such as ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin. 13 , 20 , 21 The antibiotics used for treatment of some patients with severe mixed infection varied in previous reports and comprised piperacillin/tazobactam, 22 , 23 ampicillin/sulbactam, 2 imipenem, 24 or meropenem 14 ( Table 2 ). Among the previously reported cases with mixed infections, multiple species were identified, including Enterobacteriaceae , non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli , Staphylococcus aureus, and diphtheroids.…”

“…Since K. gyiorum was named, it has been reported in various diseases, such as chronic ear infection, 2 chronic lower limb infection, 12 hemorrhagic dermatitis, 14 chronic venous insufficiency, 17 respiratory tract infection, 27 urinary tract infection, 28 thromboangiitis obliterans, 21 and chronic osteomyelitis 23 ( Table 2 ). K. gyiorum mainly causes chronic ear and leg infections, the pathogenic mechanism of which remains unclear.…”

Mycobacterium ulcerans-Bordetella trematum chronic tropical cutaneous ulcer: A four-case series, Côte d’Ivoire

“…B. trematum has been previously delineated as a unique bacterial species after a polyphasic investigation of ten isolates, including six isolates recovered from open wounds in patients, most of whom were European in origin [31]. B. trematum was further isolated in thirteen patients presenting with chronic cutaneous ulcers sometimes extending to underlying tissues and bones, and most patients originated from European countries [32][33][34][35][36][37], the United States [38], Brazil [39], Argentina [40] and Japan [41]. However, B. trematum has never been previously reported as a co-pathogen with M. ulcerans.…”

Pasteurella bettyae infection requiring finger amputation due to rapid deterioration and tissue damage

“…3 –3). The isolate was subsequently identified as P. bettyae using the VITEK MS (bioMérieux, France) system and confirmed via 16 S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing using universal primers 27 F (5′-AGTTTGATCMTGGCTCAG-3′) and 1492 R (5′-TACGGGYTACCTTGTTACGACTT-3′) [10] . The sequence was found to be 99.85% (1332/1334 bp) identical to P. bettyae type strain CCUG 2042 (GenBank accession number NR_042880) using the NCBI 16 S rRNA gene database.…”