A case of benign osteogenic tumour in Homo naledi : Evidence for peripheral osteoma in the U.W. 101-1142 mandible

Odes, Edward J.; Delezene, Lucas K.; Randolph-Quinney, Patrick; Smilg, Jacqueline S.; Augustine, Tanya N.; Jakata, Kudakwashe; Berger, Lee

doi:10.1016/j.ijpp.2017.05.003

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Although most clinical sources include osteoma in their overviews of osteogenic, benign tumours (El‐Mofty, 2009; Greenspan et al, 2007; Hogendoorn & de Andrea, 2019; Wei & Stevens, 2014), there has been some debate whether this lesion can be considered a true neoplasm, and no definite conclusion has been reached either clinically or palaeopathologically (Gundewar et al, 2013; Odes et al, 2018). Kaplan, Calderon, and Buchner (1994) argued against mandibular osteoma as neoplastic because the lesion's growth potential and growth rate are limited, recurrence after surgical excision is rare and there have been no clinical reports of malignant transformation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the rational of Kaplan et al, (1994) can also be applied to cranial osteomata, Eshed et al (2002) suggested that, based on their histological features, these lesions be reclassified as hamartoma, a malformation that resembles a neoplasm but results from faulty development. In palaeopathological case reports of osteomata, these lesions are referred to as tumours, and the debate regarding their status as a neoplasm is either not mentioned or not discussed (Blau, 2006; Castro et al, 2019; Dąbrowski et al, 2015; Galassi et al, 2020; Giuffra et al, 2019; Licata, Borgo, Armocida, Nicosia, & Ferioli, 2016; Piombino‐Mascali, Zink, & Panzer, 2017; Premužić & Šikanjic, 2013; Odes et al, 2018; Smith, 2010; Zias, 2006). Bartelink and Wright (2011) seem to be the only researchers who did note this debate in their report of a mandibular tumour from Guatemala, dated to the 6 th to 9 th century CE.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The earliest fossil evidence of an osteoma was found in a Phanerosteon mirabile , a fish from the Lower Carboniferous period, approximately 300 million years ago (Capasso, 2005; Moodie, 1927). Osteoma was exhibited by hominins such as Homo naledi , one of which displayed a mandibular osteoma (Odes et al, 2018). Despite these examples, along with numerous palaeopathological case reports, there has never been an in‐depth investigation into the prevalence of benign tumours.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A palaeoepidemiological investigation of osteomata, with reference to medieval Poland

Siek

Rando

Cieślik

et al. 2020

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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The osteoma, among other forms of benign neoplastic disease, has received little palaeopathological or palaeoepidemiological interest largely because of its asymptomatic nature. This is problematic because these tumours are regarded as common occurrences in bioarchaeological contexts, despite there being scant data to support these claims. This investigation presents a palaeoepidemiological enquiry into osteomata. Five hundred ninety individuals from six skeletal assemblages from Poland, dating from the 9th to 17th century, were macroscopically surveyed for osteomata. This was followed by a palaeoepidemiological analysis, looking at sex‐ and age‐specific prevalence. Ninety‐three osteomata were observed in 67 individuals. The sex‐specific prevalence was 13.5% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 9.7–18.1) for males and 11.6% (95% CI 7.9–16.2) for females. The age‐specific prevalence for middle adults was 2.1% (95% CI: 0.6–5.2) and 5.3% (95% CI: 2.5–9.8) for mature adults. The results indicated the prevalence of benign tumours was similar between males and females and seemed to increase with age. This case study adds to a sparse area of palaeo‐oncological research and calls for further future investigation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A palaeoepidemiological investigation of osteomata, with reference to medieval Poland

Siek

Rando

Cieślik

et al. 2020

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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“…Any ante‐mortem bone voids present in a maxilla or mandible associated with a tooth root apex were recorded. Systemic diseases such as multiple myeloma and metastatic carcinoma were not recorded but have been described in the literature (e.g., Odes et al, ). A tooth had to have all the surrounding bone present to be included (Table ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periapical lesions in hominids: Abscesses on the maxilla of a 2 million‐year‐old early Homo specimen

Towle

Irish

2019

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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Periapical lesions can develop after exposure of a tooth's pulp chamber and are commonly associated with heavy crown wear, trauma, or caries. In this study, maxilla and mandible fragments from the South African fossil hominin collections were studied, including specimens assigned to Homo naledi, Paranthropus robustus, Australopithecus africanus, and early Homo. Gorilla gorilla gorilla, Pan troglodytes, and Homo sapiens were also studied for comparative purposes. Only one fossil hominin specimen displayed voids consistent with periapical lesions. The specimen, SK 847, is described as early Homo and has been dated to 2.3–1.65 Ma. There is one definite periapical lesion and likely more with post‐mortem damage, all on the anterior aspect of the maxilla and associated with the incisors. The lesions originate from the apices of the incisor roots and are therefore unlikely to represent a systemic disease such as multiple myeloma. The one well‐preserved lesion was likely an abscess rather than a cyst or granuloma, with a rounded thickened rim around the lesion. These lesions in an early Homo specimen highlight that this individual used their anterior dentition extensively, to the point that the pulp chambers were exposed on multiple teeth. This is one of the earliest hominin examples of periapical lesions and shows that this individual was able to cope with potentially several concurrent abscesses, clearly surviving for an extended period. Periapical lesions are relatively common in the great ape (P. troglodytes: 1.99%; G. gorilla gorilla: 1.86%) and human samples (2.50%) but absent in large samples of P. robustus and A. africanus (n = 0/373 teeth). Therefore, this finding adds additional information to the history of dental pathology in our genus and also suggests that other hominin genera may have been less susceptible to dental abscesses, potentially relating to dietary or behavioural differences.

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“…Any antemortem bone voids present in a maxilla or mandible associated with a tooth root apex were recorded. If a lesion was not associated with an apex it is not included here, since a systemic disease such as multiple myeloma and metastatic carcinoma can be responsible (Ogden, 2008;Odes et al, 2018). A tooth had to have all the surrounding bone present to be included.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dental abscesses on the maxilla of a two million-year-old earlyHomospecimen

Towle

Irish

2019

Preprint

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Running title: Early Homo dental abscesses Number of text pages: 7Number of reference pages: 4 Number of figures: 1 AbstractAbscesses and other periapical lesions are found in abundance in recent archeological samples, yet are scarce in the fossil hominin record. Periapical voids commonly develop after exposure of a tooth's pulp chamber and are commonly associated with heavy crown wear, trauma or caries. In this study, all available maxilla and mandible fragments from the South African fossil hominin collections were studied, including specimens assigned to Homo naledi, Paranthropus robustus, Australopithicus africanus, A. sediba and earlyHomo. Only one specimen displayed voids consistent with periapical lesions, and a differential diagnosis of these voids was undertaken. The specimen, SK 847, is described as early Homo and has been dated to 2.3-1.65MA. There is one definite abscess, and likely at least two more with postmortem damage, all on the anterior aspect of the maxilla and associated with the incisors. The abscesses originate from the apices of the incisor roots and are therefore unlikely to represent a systemic disease such as multiple myeloma.They best fit the description of an abscess rather than a cyst or granuloma, with one showing a rounded thickened rim around the lesion. The abscesses highlight that this individual used their anterior dentition extensively, to the point that the pulp chambers were exposed on multiple teeth. This is one of the earliest hominin examples of a dental abscess and shows that this individual was able to cope with several concurrent abscesses, clearly surviving for an extended period. Therefore, this finding adds additional information to the history of dental pathology in our genus.

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A case of benign osteogenic tumour in Homo naledi : Evidence for peripheral osteoma in the U.W. 101-1142 mandible

Cited by 6 publications

References 70 publications

A palaeoepidemiological investigation of osteomata, with reference to medieval Poland

A palaeoepidemiological investigation of osteomata, with reference to medieval Poland

Periapical lesions in hominids: Abscesses on the maxilla of a 2 million‐year‐old early Homo specimen

Dental abscesses on the maxilla of a two million-year-old earlyHomospecimen

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