A Caribbean-Wide Survey of Marine Reserves: Spatial Coverage and Attributes of Effectiveness

Appeldoorn, Richard S.; Lindeman, Kenyon C.

doi:10.18785/gcr.1402.11

Cited by 25 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The ineffective nature of many MPAs has been widely noted (McClanahan 1999;Jameson et al 2002;Appeldoorn & Lineman 2003;Mora et al 2006), and is a limitation in this study because comprehensive global information on the effectiveness of protection remains unavailable. With this limitation noted, we still maintain that the most MPAs represent at least some advance over "nonprotection" Lester & Halpern 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward representative protection of the world's coasts and oceans—progress, gaps, and opportunities

Spalding

Fish

Wood³

2008

Conservation Letters

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Marine conservation lags behind terrestrial in the establishment of protected areas. This was recognized by the Convention on Biological Diversity, whose members, in 2004, agreed to establish "comprehensive, effectively managed, and ecologically representative" systems of marine protected areas (MPAs) by 2012. Halfway toward this target date, we look at the coverage of the world's 5045 MPAs from a biogeographic perspective. Only 4.09% of continental shelf areas are incorporated within MPAs, although coverage rises to 12.1% in a narrow coastal belt. Approximately half of all marine ecoregions have less than 1% MPA coverage across the shelf, but this is highly variable, and (8%) of ecoregions have >30% protection. Protection is greatest in the tropical realms, while temperate realms remain poorly represented. Given that that many sites lack effective management, even these low estimates of coverage are an optimistic measure of the extent of effective marine conservation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward representative protection of the world's coasts and oceans—progress, gaps, and opportunities

Spalding

Fish

Wood³

2008

Conservation Letters

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“…In 1996 two thirds of the archipelago (about 950km 2 ) were declared as Zone Under Special Regime of Use and Protection (equivalent to the internationally known Marine Reserves, and so termed in this paper) by the Ministry of Fisheries and currently pending approval as a National Park by the Cuban Government. This is the largest of the Caribbean Marine Reserves and its coral reefs are among the best preserved in the region (Appeldoorn & Lindeman 2003). Several patch reefs exist to the north of the keys while the most important and well developed fringing reefs are found in the southern side, where the most conspicuous are reefs crests (1-3m depth) and reefs slopes (12-15m the shallow reef slope and 20-30m the deep reef slope).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Abundance, distribution and size structure of Diadema antillarum (Echinodermata: Diadematidae) in South Eastern Cuban coral reefs

Blanco¹,

Sansón²,

Amargós³

et al. 2009

RBT

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Abstract:The 1983-1984 mass mortality event of Diadema antillarum affected more than 93% of the total Caribbean population. Although there are no records about the status of Diadema populations before and after die-off on Cuban reefs, anecdotal information suggests that populations were struck. We analyzed spatial variation in the abundance and size structure of D. antillarum in 22 reefs sites in Jardines de la Reina, from June 2004 to September 2005. Counts of Diadema were performed in five 30x2m transects at each sampling site and sampling time, and test diameters were measured in September 2005 at the same fore reefs. Abundances were higher at reef crests (mean densities 0.08-2.18 ind./m 2 ), while reef slope populations reached a maximum site level of 0.13 ind./m 2 at only one site and showed values up to three orders of magnitude lower than those from reef crests. Highest abundance occurred at the west margin of major channels between keys where larval recruitment seems to be favored by local oceanographic features and facilitated by the abundance of Echinometra lucunter. The size frequency distribution of D. antillarum indicates that recruitment began to be noticeable three years before September 2005, suggesting these populations were depleted in the past and they are recovering now. Rev. Biol. Trop. 58 (2): 663-676. Epub 2010 June 02.

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“…Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher alternative marine conservation management tools implemented to attain sustainable fish populations by maintaining ecosystem biodiversity, conserving genetic diversity, enhancing spawning stock, increasing productivity and reproductive output and protecting habitat structure (reviews by Allison et al 1998, Bohnsack 1998, Appeldoorn & Lindeman 2003. Most MPAs, regardless of size, seem to have a relatively rapid (1 to 3 yr) and positive effect on the density, biomass, size and diversity of organisms within the closed area compared to outside or after reserve formation versus before (Halpern & Warner 2002, review).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population characteristics of a recovering US Virgin Islands red hind spawning aggregation following protection

Nemeth¹

2005

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

146

137

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A Caribbean-Wide Survey of Marine Reserves: Spatial Coverage and Attributes of Effectiveness

Cited by 25 publications

References 32 publications

Toward representative protection of the world's coasts and oceans—progress, gaps, and opportunities

Toward representative protection of the world's coasts and oceans—progress, gaps, and opportunities

Abundance, distribution and size structure of Diadema antillarum (Echinodermata: Diadematidae) in South Eastern Cuban coral reefs

Population characteristics of a recovering US Virgin Islands red hind spawning aggregation following protection

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