A cardioid-parametric model for the Magnus effect in baseballs

Aguirre-López, Mario A.; Díaz-Hernández, Orlando; Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F.; Morales-Castillo, Javier; Almaguer, F-Javier; Santos, Gerardo J. Escalera

doi:10.1007/s10444-019-09694-w

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Accordingly, the deposition locations of jet droplets can easily be controlled via charging voltages, which makes CIJ effective for producing characters even on non‐flat surfaces such as on cans, bottles, cables, or on food packages. [ 16,24 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accordingly, the deposition locations of jet droplets can easily be controlled via charging voltages, which makes CIJ effective for producing characters even on non-flat surfaces such as on cans, bottles, cables, or on food packages. [16,24] To take these advantages of CIJ printing for other applications, we investigated the use of unconventional inks. In this study, we presented a CIJ printing method for selective area coating of insulating materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improved Continuous Inkjet for Selective Area Coating Using High‐Viscosity Insulating Inks

Phung

Kwon

2022

Adv Eng Mater

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While drop‐on‐demand (DOD) inkjet has been broadening its applications, especially in manufacturing sectors such as printed electronics, continuous inkjet (CIJ) has been limited to use in conventional graphics and marking areas. So far, there have been few attempts to use functional materials in CIJ printing despite the advantages of its high‐speed printing capability and relatively low implementation costs. Herein, the performance of CIJ in terms of printable ink viscosity, print area, and printing speed is significantly improved. For demonstration, selective area printing methods using insulation inks are presented. The selective area coating is very difficult to implement since charged droplets becoming closer together can increase undesirable charge repulsion effects among them. To reduce the charge interaction among the charged droplets and maximize the printing efficiency, a new voltage driving scheme for selective area coating applications is proposed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Continuous Inkjet for Selective Area Coating Using High‐Viscosity Insulating Inks

Phung

Kwon

2022

Adv Eng Mater

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“…Throughout the history of ball sports, there have been constant developments of new techniques to manipulate the ball trajectory to create an advantage over the opposition. This often involves the application of spin to the ball which alters the trajectory of the ball due to the Magnus effect [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. In the sport of Association Football (Soccer), the ability to curl the ball from both open-play and dead-ball situations (free kicks) has become a staple of the sport and is especially useful when within scoring range of the goal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the Knuckleball Effect in Soccer Using a Smart Ball and Training Machine

Eager

Ishac

Zhou

et al. 2022

Sensors

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The term knuckleball in sporting jargon is used to describe a ball that has been launched with minimal spin, resulting in a trajectory that is erratic and unpredictable. This phenomenon was first observed in baseball (where the term originated) and has since been observed in other sports. While knuckleball has long fascinated the scientific community, the bulk of research has primarily focused on knuckleball as it occurs in baseball. Following the changes in the design of the soccer ball after the 2006 World Cup, knuckleball and ball aerodynamics were exploited by soccer players. This research examined the properties of a knuckleball in the sport of soccer. We designed and evaluated a system that could reproduce the knuckleball effect on soccer balls based on previous theories and characteristics outlined in our literature review. Our system is comprised of the Adidas miCoach Smart Ball, a companion smart phone app for data collection, a ball-launching machine with programmable functions, and a video-based tracking system and Tracker motion analysis software. The results from the testing showed that our system was successfully able to produce knuckleball behaviour on the football in a highly consistent manner. This verified the dynamic models of knuckleball that we outline. While a small portion of the data showed some lateral deviations (zig-zag trajectory), this erratic and unpredictable trajectory was much smaller in magnitude when compared to examples seen in professional games. The sensor data from the miCoach app and trajectory data from the Tracker motion analysis software, showed that the knuckleballs were consistently reproduced in-line with theoretical dynamics.

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The Attack-Block-Court Defense Algorithm: A New Volleyball Index Supported by Data Science

et al. 2022

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Spiker–blocker encounters are a key moment for determining the result of a volleyball rally. The characterization of such a moment using physical–statistical parameters allows us to reproduce the possible ball’s trajectory and then make calculations to set up the defense in an optimal way. In this work, we present a computational algorithm that shows the possible worst scenarios of ball trajectories for a volleyball defense, in terms of the covered area by the block and the impact time of the backcourt defense to contact the ball before it reaches the floor. The algorithm is based on the kinematic equations of motion, trigonometry, and statistical parameters of the players. We have called it the Attack-Block-Court Defense algorithm (the ABCD algorithm), since it only requires the 3D-coordinates of the attacker and the blocker, and a discretized court in a number of cells. With those data, the algorithm calculates the percentage of the covered area by the blocker and the time at which the ball impacts the court (impact time). More specifically, the structure of the algorithm consists of setting up the spiker’s and blocker’s locations at the time the spiker hits the ball, and then applying the kinematic equations to calculate the worst scenario for the team in defense. The case of a middle-hitter attack with a single block over the net is simulated, and an analysis of the space of input variables for such a case is performed. We found a strong dependence on the average impact time and the covered area on both the attack–block height’s ratio and the attack height. The standard deviation of the impact time was the variable that showed more asymmetry, respecting the input variables. An asymmetric case considering more variables with a wing spiker and three blockers is also shown, in order to illustrate the potential of the model in a more complex scenario. The results have potential applications, as a supporting tool for coaches in the design of customized defense or attack systems, in the positioning of players according to the prior knowledge of the opponent team, and in the development of replay and video-game technologies in multimedia systems.

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A cardioid-parametric model for the Magnus effect in baseballs

Cited by 3 publications

References 18 publications

Improved Continuous Inkjet for Selective Area Coating Using High‐Viscosity Insulating Inks

Improved Continuous Inkjet for Selective Area Coating Using High‐Viscosity Insulating Inks

Investigating the Knuckleball Effect in Soccer Using a Smart Ball and Training Machine

The Attack-Block-Court Defense Algorithm: A New Volleyball Index Supported by Data Science

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