A calculation procedure for two phase flow distribution in manifolds with and without heat transfer

Modeling Flow Distribution for Internally Manifolded Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Stacks

“…Parallel, reverse and mixed flow arrangements (shown schematically in Fig. 3) are combinations of the basic dividing and combining manifolds interconnected by lateral branches [10]. Examples of the application of manifolds include electrochemical cells, fixed-bed catalytic reactors, hydrocarbon thermal crackers and plate heat exchangers [11].…”

“…However, due to the elliptic nature of the flow in the header, the Bernoulli equation cannot be applied. The difficulty with applying a Bernoulli equation to the branching process lies in the ambiguity which exists in identifying a relevant streamline on which to conserve energy and estimate frictional losses [10,13]. On the other hand, it is necessary to solve simultaneously the longitudinal momentum equation, the continuity equation in the header, and the discharge equation in the cells to obtain the static pressure and the two components of velocity.…”

“…Most of the manifold flow distribution models available in the open literature were developed for the case of steam generators [10,18]. Subsequently, they were based on the fact that the mass was conserved in the whole system and simply changed phase (from liquid to gas or vice versa).…”

Refrigerant Droplet Size Measurements in Conjunction with a Novel Method for Improving Flow Distribution in Evaporators

“…They used simple integral momentum approaches to construct general models for ow distribution in manifolds. A one-dimensional nite difference model was developed by Datta and Majumdar(1983) for predicting two-phase ow distribution in parallel, reverse, and mixed ow manifolds. A two-dimensional model was developed by de Moura (1990) based on the two-uid concept.…”

Two-phase refrigerant distribution in a parallel flow minichannel heat exchanger having lower combining/dividing header

“…Data and Majumdar [9] extended the single-phase model of Bajura and Jones [10] assuming a homogeneous two-phase flow. Ablanque et al [11] adopted T-junction models by Seeger et al [12] and Hwang et al [13] to predict the phase spilt at header/branch tube junction.…”