A bottom-up synthesis of rare-earth-hydrotalcite monolayer nanosheets toward multimode imaging and synergetic therapy

Abstract

Gd3+ and Yb3+ co-doped LDH monolayer nanosheets are developed via a facile “bottom-up” method and exhibit excellent drug loading capacity for tri-mode imaging guided cancer therapy.

2D Nanomaterials for Cancer Theranostic Applications

“…Layered double hydroxides, which are also known as hydrotalcite‐like compounds are a class of 2D nanomaterials with chemical compositions of [M 1− x 2+ M x 3+ (OH) 2 ] x + [A x / n ] n − ·mH 2 O, where M 2+ and M 3+ are bivalent and trivalent metal cations, respectively, and A m − is an interlayer anion . The diversity in the chemical composition and crystal structure of LDHs is attributed to their vast applications in many different fields .…”

“…Similarly, Gd and Mn‐doped LDH nanoparticles (Gd‐LDH NPs and Mn‐LDH NPs, respectively) with superb longitudinal relaxivity have been reported as excellent contrast agents for MRI . In addition, Mei et al designed Gd‐ and Yb‐codoped LDH nanosheets for dual‐modal MR/CT imaging to overcome the limitations of singular imaging approaches . Moreover, a pioneering study of LDHs in PET imaging have been reported by Cai et al It was found that the trivalent cation 44 Sc 3+ and the bivalent cation 64 Cu 2+ could be used to successfully label BSA‐LDHs with a good labeling stability and efficiency (Figure B) .…”

Two-dimensional nanomaterials: fascinating materials in biomedical field

“…As a class of 2D nanomaterials, LDHs have been widely explored as inorganic-biology composite materials for biomedical applications, owning to their good stability, excellent biocompatibility and the versatility in chemical composition [99][100][101]. Typically, LDHs are composed of a layer of metal atoms sandwiched between hydroxide layers, possessing a high layer charge density, which can realize chemical modifications or interlayer composition changes [102].…”

“…In addition, due to the tunable composition of host layers, specific imaging functions can be achieved via changing the metal elements of layers. In a recent report by Mei et al [101], rare-earth (Gd 3+ and Yb 3+ ) co-doped LDH single-layer nanosheets (Gd&Yb-MLDH) were prepared by one-step ''bottom-up" method, showing a uniform morphology. With the successful introduction of Gd 3+ and Yb 3+ into the host layer of LDH, the Gd&Yb-MLDH single-layer nanosheets exhibited superior magnetic resonance (MR)/computed tomography (CT) dual-mode imaging performance.…”

2D Layered Double Hydroxide Nanoparticles: Recent Progress toward Preclinical/Clinical Nanomedicine

“…In vivo efficacy study demonstrated that almost complete ablation of the tumor was achieved by ZnPc/LDH at a low dosage of ZnPc (Figure b,c) . Based on the principle, more sophisticated systems developed by Wei and co‐workers include Ce6 and AuNPs‐loaded Gd‐incorporated LDH for MR/fluorescence dual‐mode imaging‐guided PDT (Figure d), and rare‐earth (Gd 3+ and Yb 3+ )‐doped, SN38 and indocyanine green (ICG)‐delivered LDH for CT/MR/fluorescence trimode imaging‐guided PDT‐included combination therapy …”