“…Third, recent studies have revealed an essential role of song motor circuits, including HVC, in learning from sensory experience of a vocal model (Roberts et al, 2012) and indicate that sensory experience of the tutor and learning of vocal motor sequences both have a profound influence on shaping the functional organization of song motor programs during development (Adret et al, 2012; Bolhuis and Moorman, 2015; Mooney, 2014; Okubo et al, 2015; Prather et al, 2010; Roberts et al, 2012; Roberts et al, 2010; Shank and Margoliash, 2009; Vallentin et al, 2016). Songbirds have been intensively studied and we point the reader to a number of excellent reviews of songbird neurobiology (Bloomfield et al, 2011; Brainard and Doupe, 2002, 2013; Brawn and Margoliash, 2015; Doupe and Kuhl, 1999; Kuebrich and Sober, 2015; Mooney, 2014; Roberts and Mooney, 2013; Schneider and Mooney, 2015; Tschida and Mooney, 2012)…”