A Behavioral Evaluation of PCE Exposure in Patients and Dry Cleaners: A Possible Relationship Between Clinical and Preclinical Effects

Echeverria, Diana; White, Roberta F.; Sampaio, Carlos Eduardo Peres

doi:10.1097/00043764-199506000-00008

Cited by 68 publications

(55 citation statements)

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“…High levels of airborne perc in occupational exposure studies (280,060-83,080 µg/m 3 ) have been associated with increased neurologic symptoms (19) and deficits on cognitive and motorspeed tasks (16)(17)(18) that depend heavily on visual system function (48). Deficits in color discrimination have been reported at lowerlevel (41,245 µg/m 3 ) occupational exposures (14,15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Relative to matched control subjects, percexposed workers had worse performance on neurobehavioral tests of color vision (14) that developed within 2 years (15), perceptual speed (16), sensory-motor and cognitive functions (17,18), as well as an increased prevalence of central nervous system symptoms (19). Table 1 shows that similar effects were reported in residents living near drycleaning facilities where the median indoor air perc level was 1,360 µg/m 3 (20).…”

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confidence: 89%

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Apartment residents' and day care workers' exposures to tetrachloroethylene and deficits in visual contrast sensitivity.

Schreiber¹,

Hudnell²,

Geller³

et al. 2002

Environ Health Perspect

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Tetrachloroethylene (also called perchloroethylene, or perc), a volatile organic compound, has been the predominant solvent used by the dry-cleaning industry for many years. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) classified perc as a hazardous air pollutant because of its potential adverse impact on human health. Several occupational studies have indicated that chronic, airborne perc exposure adversely affects neurobehavioral functions in workers, particularly visual color discrimination and tasks dependent on rapid visual-information processing. A 1995 study by Altmann and colleagues extended these findings, indicating that environmental perc exposure at a mean level of 4,980 microg/m(3) (median=1,360 microg/m(3)) alters neurobehavioral functions in residents living near dry-cleaning facilities. Although the U.S. EPA has not yet set a reference concentration guideline level for environmental exposure to airborne perc, the New York State Department of Health set an air quality guideline of 100 microg/m(3). In the current residential study, we investigated the potential for perc exposure and neurologic effects, using a battery of visual-system function tests, among healthy members of six families living in two apartment buildings in New York City that contained dry-cleaning facilities on the ground floors. In addition, a day care investigation assessed the potential for perc exposure and effects among workers at a day care center located in the same one-story building as a dry-cleaning facility. Results from the residential study showed a mean exposure level of 778 microg/m(3) perc in indoor air for a mean of 5.8 years, and that perc levels in breath, blood, and urine were 1-2 orders of magnitude in excess of background values. Group-mean visual contrast sensitivity (VCS), a measure of the ability to detect visual patterns, was significantly reduced in the 17 exposed study participants relative to unexposed matched-control participants. The groups did not differ in visual acuity, suggesting that the VCS deficit was of neurologic origin. Healthy workers in the day care investigation were chronically exposed to airborne perc at a mean of 2,150 microg/m(3) for a mean of 4.0 years. Again, group-mean VCS, measured 6 weeks after exposure cessation, was significantly reduced in the nine exposed workers relative to matched controls, and the groups did not differ significantly in visual acuity. These results suggested that chronic, environmental exposure to airborne perc adversely affects neurobehavioral function in healthy individuals. Further research is needed to assess the susceptibility of the young and elderly to perc-induced effects, to determine whether persistent solvent-induced VCS deficits are a risk factor for the development of neurologic disease, and to identify the no observable adverse effect level for chronic, environmental, perc exposure in humans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 89%

Apartment residents' and day care workers' exposures to tetrachloroethylene and deficits in visual contrast sensitivity.

Schreiber¹,

Hudnell²,

Geller³

et al. 2002

Environ Health Perspect

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show abstract

“…Mehrere Studien untersuchten die neurotoxischen Effekte einer TetrachlorethenExposition [39][40][41][42][43][44] und es fanden sich Störungen für das Farbsehen (Blau-Gelb) und für visuelle Funktionen (z. B. visuelle Erinnerung).…”

Section: Bewertungunclassified

Richtwerte für Tetrachlorethen in der Innenraumluft

2017

Bundesgesundheitsbl

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“…For example, studies of solvent exposure have reliably shown disturbances in executive function, attention, visuospatial skills, short-term memory, and mood (e.g., Anger, 1990;Echeverria & White, 1992;White, Feldman & Proctor, 1992). Studies of lead-exposed workers have yielded similar findings along with decrements in verbal reasoning and motor functions (e.g., Baker et al, 1984;Hanninen, Hernberg, Mantere, Vesanto, & Jalkaner, 1978;Yokoyama, Araki, & Aono, 1988).…”

Section: Rf White Phdmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Behavioral Evaluation of PCE Exposure in Patients and Dry Cleaners: A Possible Relationship Between Clinical and Preclinical Effects

Cited by 68 publications

References 0 publications

Apartment residents' and day care workers' exposures to tetrachloroethylene and deficits in visual contrast sensitivity.

Apartment residents' and day care workers' exposures to tetrachloroethylene and deficits in visual contrast sensitivity.

Richtwerte für Tetrachlorethen in der Innenraumluft

A re-examination of neuropsychological functioning in Persian Gulf War era Veterans

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