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Gleghorn, Alice; Clements, Kristen; Marx, Rani; Vittinghoff, Eric; Lee-Chu, Priscilla; Katz, Mitchell H.

doi:10.1023/a:1026231519630

Cited by 28 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…As part of the COVID-19 response, services were described as having made agile and innovative operational changes to meet need, including rapid accommodation provision, alternative support methods, and expanding the use of harm reduction approaches within accommodation services which are not abstinence-based. This connects with the literature gathered since the 1990s highlighting community-based harm reduction outreach as providing an essential first point of contact for people who use substances [ 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 ]. More generally, alcohol-specific harm reduction approaches for people experiencing homelessness are also increasing in a number of countries, including the US, in recognition of the need for such programmes, independently of COVID-19 [ 23 , 24 , 63 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Exploring the Potential of Implementing Managed Alcohol Programmes to Reduce Risk of COVID-19 Infection and Transmission, and Wider Harms, for People Experiencing Alcohol Dependency and Homelessness in Scotland

Parkes

Carver

Masterton

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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People who experience homelessness and alcohol dependency are more vulnerable than the general population to risks/harms relating to COVID-19. This mixed methods study explored stakeholder perspectives concerning the impact of COVID-19 and the potential utility of introducing managed alcohol programmes (MAPs) in Scotland as part of a wider health/social care response for this group. Data sources included: 12 case record reviews; 40 semi-structured qualitative interviews; and meeting notes from a practitioner-researcher group exploring implementation of MAPs within a third sector/not-for-profit organisation. A series of paintings were curated as a novel part of the research process to support knowledge translation. The case note review highlighted the complexity of health problems experienced, in addition to alcohol dependency, including polysubstance use, challenges related to alcohol access/use during lockdown, and complying with stay-at-home rules. Qualitative analysis generated five subthemes under the theme of ‘MAPs as a response to COVID-19′: changes to alcohol supply/use including polysubstance use; COVID-19-related changes to substance use/homelessness services; negative changes to services for people with alcohol problems; the potential for MAPs in the context of COVID-19; and fears and concerns about providing MAPs as a COVID-19 response. We conclude that MAPs have the potential to reduce a range of harms for this group, including COVID-19-related harms.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Exploring the Potential of Implementing Managed Alcohol Programmes to Reduce Risk of COVID-19 Infection and Transmission, and Wider Harms, for People Experiencing Alcohol Dependency and Homelessness in Scotland

Parkes

Carver

Masterton

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…Among homeless youth, HIV risk reduction interventions report limited success in reducing HIV risk behaviors (e.g., Booth et al, 1999; Gleghorn et al, 1997; Milburn et al, 2012; Rew et al, 2007). This study sought to examine the longitudinal effects of an integrated HIV prevention on HIV risk behaviors and knowledge among a vulnerable, high risk sample of street living, homeless youth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although few studies testing HIV preventions for homeless youth were found, the majority of those studies reported limited impact on high risk behaviors (Booth, Zhang, & Kwiatokowsi, 1999; Gleghorn et al, 1997; Milburn et al, 2012; Rew, Fouladi, Land, & Wong, 2007). While knowledge can be increased among homeless youth (e.g., Nyamathi et al, 2013; Rew et al, 2007) and non-runaways (see review, McKay et al, 2004; Simoni, Nelson, Franks, Yard, & Lehavot, 2011), interventions to date have not dramatically reduced adolescent sexual risk taking (DiCenso et al, 2002; Picot et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reducing high risk behaviors among street living youth: Outcomes of an integrated prevention intervention

Carmona

Slesnick

Guo

et al. 2014

Children and Youth Services Review

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Research efforts to reduce Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) risk behavior among street living youth have shown disappointing outcomes, with few studies reporting reduced risk behaviors. The current study tested the impact of an integrated HIV prevention intervention, and predictors of change, for youth (N=270) between the ages of 14 to 20 years receiving substance use treatment through a drop-in center. Condom use, HIV knowledge, number of sexual partners and behaviors associated with an overall HIV risk index were assessed at baseline, 3, 6 and 12 months post-baseline. Findings suggest that HIV prevention integrated with substance use treatment is associated with increased condom use and reduced sex partners. However, the effects on condom use were short lived and dissipated by 12 months post-baseline. Higher treatment attendance and baseline substance use predicted increased condom use. Although no significant change was observed in the overall HIV risk index, increases in depressive symptoms were associated with increases in the index score, as well as more sexual partners. Future research should determine whether successful intervention requires reinforcement of risk reduction behaviors while youth remain homeless.

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“…A comienzos de los 50 en Estados Unidos y el Reino Unido surge el trabajo con poblaciones marginales, intentando contactar a jóvenes en sus ambientes naturales: calles, bares y pandillas (Gleghorn et al, 1997;Pead, Virins & Morton, 1999). A comienzos de los 70 el outreach toma gran impulso, básicamente desde programas de salud mental que requerían realizar intervenciones en la comunidad, más que en hospitales para enfermos mentales (Test & Stein, 1976).…”

Section: Intervenciones De Outreach En Drogasunclassified

Aspectos Clave en el Desempeño Exitoso de Agentes Comunitarios en Intervenciones de Outreach con Jóvenes Consumidores de Drogas

et al. 2014

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Se presentan 2 intervenciones de outreach realizadas con jóvenes consumidores de drogas de Santiago de Chile: una familiar sistémica (IOFS) y una básica de enlace (IOBE). Se discuten los elementos claves involucrados en el desempeño exitoso de 8 agentes comunitarios, logrados por medio de un análisis cualitativo del registro de los procesos de selección, capacitación y supervisión que recibieron. Los agentes reclutaron 138 consumidores de drogas, logrando retener al 93% a los 6 meses de intervención y al 81% al año. Se evalúo la alianza de trabajo establecida entre jóvenes y agentes comunitarios en 3 momentos de la intervención a través del cuestionario de Horvath, comparando ambos tipos de intervención por medio de ANOVA Mixto de Mediciones Repetidas. Los resultados indican que mientras en IOFS la alianza fue sostenida en el tiempo, en IOBE fue decreciendo, pero que es posible desarrollar un trabajo de outreach de calidad con agentes comunitarios profesionalizados y remunerados. El perfil exitoso de agente es adultos jóvenes, con cercanía sociocultural y territorial con la población objetivo, con motivación social-comunitaria y habilidades de vinculación con jóvenes. Palabras clave: outreach, drogas, agentes comunitariosTwo outreach interventions conducted with young drug users in Santiago, Chile are presented: a systemic family outreach intervention (SFOI) and another based on the usual outreach work (OW). The key elements involved in the successful performance of 8 community agents are discussed, as revealed by a qualitative analysis of the records of the selection, training, and ongoing supervision processes that they received. Agents recruited 138 drug users, achieving a retention rate of 93% at 6 months of intervention and 81% after a year of follow up. The working alliance established between young people and community workers was assessed in 3 phases of the intervention through the Horvath questionnaire, comparing both types of intervention by Mixed ANOVA of Repeated Measures. The results indicate that while in SFOI the alliance was sustained over time, in OW it decreased; however, it is possible to develop a quality outreach work with community agents who are professionalized and paid. An agents' successful profile includes being a young adult, with territorial and cultural proximity to the target population, community motivation, and good relational skills with young people. Keywords: outreach, drugs, community agentsEl outreach corresponde a una actividad comunitaria originada a comienzos del siglo XX en países desarrollados del hemisferio norte; no obstante, resulta novedosa en contextos latinoamericanos. Su objetivo fundamental consiste en contactar e intervenir a grupos particulares de difícil acceso por las vías tradicionales, entre ellos, los consumidores de drogas que se encuentran ocultos para los servicios de salud. Un rol clave en esta estrategia juegan los agentes que buscan en terreno a los grupos objetivo. El propósito de este artículo Andrea Jaramillo, Carmen Gloria Hidalgo, Iván Armijo y...

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Untitled

Cited by 28 publications

References 13 publications

Exploring the Potential of Implementing Managed Alcohol Programmes to Reduce Risk of COVID-19 Infection and Transmission, and Wider Harms, for People Experiencing Alcohol Dependency and Homelessness in Scotland

Exploring the Potential of Implementing Managed Alcohol Programmes to Reduce Risk of COVID-19 Infection and Transmission, and Wider Harms, for People Experiencing Alcohol Dependency and Homelessness in Scotland

Reducing high risk behaviors among street living youth: Outcomes of an integrated prevention intervention

Aspectos Clave en el Desempeño Exitoso de Agentes Comunitarios en Intervenciones de Outreach con Jóvenes Consumidores de Drogas

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