7α-Hydroxypregnenolone acts as a neuronal activator to stimulate locomotor activity of breeding newts by means of the dopaminergic system

Morikura, Masahiro; Ukena, Kazuyoshi; Baulieu, Étienne Émile; Tsutsui, Kazuyoshi

doi:10.1073/pnas.0407176101

Cited by 91 publications

(196 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Estradiol was found to promote dendritic growth of Purkinje cells in newborn rats [58][59][60]. Consequently, estradiol may act directly on the Purkinje cells through Erβ-mediated mechanism to stimulate dendritic growth, spinogenesis and synaptogenesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells vs. Estradiol Benzoate or Avosoya on the Cerebellar Cortex of Ovariectomized Adult Albino Rats

Ahmed¹,

Abdelrahman²,

Shalaby³

2017

J Cytol Histol

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Alterations in hormone levels during menopause affect cognitive function and brain chemistry. Stem cell therapy in nervous system disorders is a growing field. The present research aimed to compare the effect of MSCs with that of estradiol benzoate or avosoya on the cerebellum of ovariectomized rats. Fifty eight adult female Wistar albino rats were classified into five groups. Control group (Group I) and four ovariectomized groups. Group II (ovariectomized rats received no treatment), Group III (injected subcutaneously with estradiol benzoate), Group IV (received avosoya orally) and Group V (treated with human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cells [HUCBMSCs]). Cerebellar sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and cresyl fast violet. Immunoperoxidase reaction of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), estrogen receptor beta (Erβ) and Bax protein was also done. HUCBMSCs homing in rat cerebellum were detected by human albumin gene. Antioxidant enzyme levels were also measured in cerebellum homogenate. Decreased density of neurons in the three cortical layers with vacuolations and distorted Purkinje cells with pyknotic nuclei were observed in Group II. Group III cerebellar cortex showed normal architecture but some Purkinje cells had pyknotic nuclei. Group IV showed normal neuronal cells in the three cortical layers. Group V Purkinje cells were pyriform with vesicular nuclei, and basophilic cytoplasm. Small rounded cells with deeply stained nuclei appeared in the granular layer. In conclusion: estradiol benzoate and avosoya improve ovariectomy-induced cerebellar alteration, and MSCs show promising results in this field.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells vs. Estradiol Benzoate or Avosoya on the Cerebellar Cortex of Ovariectomized Adult Albino Rats

Ahmed¹,

Abdelrahman²,

Shalaby³

2017

J Cytol Histol

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“…Neurosteroid concentrations of E2, T, 5a-and 5b-dihydrotestosterone were determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) (GCMS-QP5000, Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan) using a CP-Sil 5CB capillary column (Varian, Palo Alto, CA, USA) as described previously 29,[57][58][59] . In brief, the WB of birds was homogenized in an aliquot of methanol/H 2 O (75:25 (v/v); 1 ml) on ice.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A genetically female brain is required for a regular reproductive cycle in chicken brain chimeras

et al. 2013

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Sexual differentiation leads to structural and behavioural differences between males and females. Here we investigate the intrinsic sex identity of the brain by constructing chicken chimeras in which the brain primordium is switched between male and female identities before gonadal development. We find that the female chimeras with male brains display delayed sexual maturation and irregular oviposition cycles, although their behaviour, plasma concentrations of sex steroids and luteinizing hormone levels are normal. The male chimeras with female brains show phenotypes similar to typical cocks. In the perinatal period, oestrogen concentrations in the genetically male brain are higher than those in the genetically female brain. Our study demonstrates that male brain cells retain male sex identity and do not differentiate into female cells to drive the normal oestrous cycle, even when situated in the female hormonal milieu. This is clear evidence for a sex-specific feature that develops independent of gonadal steroids.

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“…In contrast, decreased DA receptor stimulation is associated with hypoactivity and catalepsy (Fog, 1972;Johnels, 1982;Monti et al, 1990). Similarly to mammals, injection of cocaine increase locomotion in birds (Levens & Akins, 2001) and DA promotes locomotor and behavioral activity in amphibians (Matsunaga et al, 2004;Endepols et al, 2004).…”

Section: Psychomotor Activating Effects Of Da Drugs Across Vertebratementioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral functions of the mesolimbic dopaminergic system: An affective neuroethological perspective

Alcaro

Huber

Panksepp

2007

Brain Research Reviews

514

294

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The mesolimbic dopaminergic (ML-DA) system has been recognized for its central role in motivated behaviors, various types of reward, and, more recently, in cognitive processes. Functional theories have emphasized DA's involvement in the orchestration of goal-directed behaviors, and in the promotion and reinforcement of learning. The affective neuroethological perspective presented here, views the ML-DA system in terms of its ability to activate an instinctual emotional appetitive state (SEEKING) evolved to induce organisms to search for all varieties of life-supporting stimuli and to avoid harms.A description of the anatomical framework in which the ML system is embedded is followed by the argument that the SEEKING disposition emerges through functional integration of ventral basal ganglia (BG) into thalamocortical activities. Filtering cortical and limbic input that spread into BG, DA transmission promotes the "release" of neural activity patterns that induce active SEEKING behaviors when expressed at the motor level. Reverberation of these patterns constitutes a neurodynamic process for the inclusion of cognitive and perceptual representations within the extended networks of the SEEKING urge. In this way, the SEEKING disposition influences attention, incentive salience, associative learning, and anticipatory predictions.In our view, the rewarding properties of drugs of abuse are, in part, caused by the activation of the SEEKING disposition, ranging from appetitive drive to persistent craving depending on the intensity of the affect. The implications of such a view for understanding addiction are considered, with particular emphasis on factors predisposing individuals to develop compulsive drug seeking behaviors.

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7α-Hydroxypregnenolone acts as a neuronal activator to stimulate locomotor activity of breeding newts by means of the dopaminergic system

Cited by 91 publications

References 43 publications

Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells vs. Estradiol Benzoate or Avosoya on the Cerebellar Cortex of Ovariectomized Adult Albino Rats

Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells vs. Estradiol Benzoate or Avosoya on the Cerebellar Cortex of Ovariectomized Adult Albino Rats

A genetically female brain is required for a regular reproductive cycle in chicken brain chimeras

Behavioral functions of the mesolimbic dopaminergic system: An affective neuroethological perspective

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