Abstract:Introduction The use of TLR9 agonists as immunomodulators is supported by preclinical and clinical studies, showing their anti-tumor effect by enhancing both cellular and humoral immune responses. So far, two different families of DNA molecules containing non-methylated CG-motifs for TLR9 activation have been established: Dumbbell-shaped dSLIM (R) molecules are protected against exonucleolytic degradation by their covalently-closed, natural phosphodiester (PO) backbone. In contrast, single-stranded, oligodeox… Show more
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