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Abstract

Coumarin chemical nucleus is a gift awarded from nature to humanity. The multifarious derivatives and the broad range of their bio-medicinal potentials are the basis for this description. In the last several decades, though numerous coumarin-based products have been primarily separated from their biological origins, the laboratory synthesis of the coumarins is developing. Various synthetic trails namely Knoevenagel, Claisen, Perkin, Pechmann, Wittig, and Reformatsky have been reported. Several advanced innovations have been created to maximize yield, minimize overall reaction time, avoid side products, and make synthetic reactions environmentally friendly. These include the employment of ultrasonic, microwave, and solventfree conditions. This brief review focuses on the classic methods for synthesizing coumarins, and the advantages derived from the use of creative catalytic tools.

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“…Furthermore, the research assessed phytonutrients have recognized antioxidant properties like whole lycopene (3.74 to 6.80 mg/100 g), carotenoids (4.90 to 8.06 mg/100 g), flavonoids (55.60 to 100.93 mg/100 g distill water), tannin (35.07 to 60.83 mg/100 g distill water), and phenol content (16.77 to 21.41 mg/g distill water) [51][52][53]. In comparison to the yellow-fleshed melon (vitamin C: 52.05 mg/kg, lycopene: 0.04 mg/kg), the red-fleshed melon had greater levels of vitamin C (86.32 mg/kg) and lycopene (9.50 mg/kg), which corresponded with anti-oxidant capability [54,55].…”

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“…This is owing to the robust relationship between oxidative stress and various tenacious diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, and inflammatory disorders. Accordingly, the development of semisynthetic compounds from well-known natural antioxidants has piqued the attendance of the medical profession [51][52][53].…”

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“…Furthermore, compared to acyclovir, which was employed as a control, this drug suppressed HBV at a much greater rate. Antitumor Activity With 18.1 million diagnoses and 9.6 million deaths recorded in 2018, cancer is the second biggest cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide [35,36]. Lung, breast, and colorectal cancers are the top three cancer phenotypes in mortality incidence [37,38].…”